1
25
11
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https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/49e330d06b08b746d65005f4617eae33.jpg
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Title
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
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Conventions Which Protect
Description
An account of the resource
This poster was part of "Youth and Life" a 48-poster series published by the American Social Hygiene Association. The series was designed to educate teenage girls and young women about the dangers of sexual promiscuity and urged them to embrace moral and physical fitness. It was adapted in 1922 by the American Social Hygiene Association from "<a href="http://gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/show/swha_keeping_fit" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Keeping Fit</a>", a similar series for boys and young men.<br /><br />In A Strange City <br />For suitable place to stay and for other information ask the "Traveler's Aid" woman, the station matron, or a police man or woman.<br />
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="http://purl.umn.edu/71600" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">American Social Health Association Records 1905-1990</a>, Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1922
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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Use of this image may be governed by U.S. and international copyright laws. Please contact the University of Minnesota Libraries, Social Welfare History Archives for permission to publish this image. <a href="http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/</a>
American Social Health Association
American Social Hygiene Association
public health
Travelers Aid
-
https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/7cd43b40a495f7bb384f1e5ec392dd45.jpg
79b1447cf5741a5a561ecd4e4e83697c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Recent Arrivals Come for Instruction in English
Description
An account of the resource
An English class for immigrants held at Neighborhood House, Louisville, KY. <br /> Handwritten caption at lower right reads, "Recent arrivals come for Instruction in English."
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="http://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/521719" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers records. Member Settlement Houses. Kentucky. Louisville. Neighborhood House, 1898-1950</a>, Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
c. 1905
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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<span>Use of this image may be governed by U.S. and international copyright laws. Please contact the University of Minnesota Libraries, Social Welfare History Archives for permission to publish this image. </span><a href="http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/</a>
education
immigration
photograph
settlement houses
-
https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/9e0f2ab934a3536fe688671ea76a3d4c.jpg
055611b65a89d74c28b3b2a701f91090
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Title
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Chores of Modern Health Crusaders
Description
An account of the resource
Poster depicting the eleven Chores of Modern Health Crusaders. These eleven health chores set out the essentials of tuberculosis prevention and general hygiene. They were part of a public health campaign devised by Charles De Forest of the National Tuberculosis Association.<br /><br />The chores include:<br /><br />1. I washed my hands before each meal to-day.<br />2. I washed ot only my face but my ears and neck and I cleaned my fingernails to-day.<br />3. I kept fingers, pencils and everything likely to be unclean or injurious out of my mouth and nose to-today.<br />4. I brushed my teeth thoroughly after breakfast, and after the evening mean to-day.<br />5. I took ten or more slow deep breaths of fresh air today. I was careful to protect others if I spit, coughed or sneezed.<br />6. I played outdoors or with windows open more than thirty minutes to-day.<br />7. I was in bed ten hours or more last night and kept my windows open.<br />8. I drank four glasses of water, including a drink before each meal, and drank no tea, coffee, nor other injurious drinks to-day.<br />9. I tried to eat only wholesome food and to eat slowly. I went to toilet at my regular times.<br />10. I tried hard to-day to sit up and stand up straight; to keep neat, cheerful and clean-minded; and to be helpful to others.<br />11. I took a full bath on each of the days of the week that are checked (x).
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="http://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/790851" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Recreation Association records. Playground and Recreation Association of America. Board of Directors Minutes, 1924-1931</a>, (Box 2), Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919 September 24
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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<span>Use of this image may be governed by U.S. and international copyright laws. Please contact the University of Minnesota Libraries, Social Welfare History Archives for permission to publish this image. </span><a href="http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.lib.umn.edu/swha/</a>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more:<br /><a href="https://archive.org/stream/modernhealthcrus00natirich#page/n1/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Modern Health Crusade. A National Program of Health Instruction in Schools</a>, Internet Archive <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/311" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Anti-tuberculosis play at Lyric Theatre</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
children
education
hygiene
National Tuberculosis Association
public health
tuberculosis
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
A name given to the resource
"The Child Labor Amendment" to U.S. Constitution. [Anti- Child Labor Amendment pamphlet]
Description
An account of the resource
A report by the Committee on Industrial Relations to the New York Board of Trade and Transportation. <br /><br />The pamphlet states that a child labor amendment is not needed and that “…it makes a natural and sympathetic appeal calculated to forestall criticism or disarm antagonism…” (p.1) It also outlines arguments against the amendment, including that many problems of child labor have already been addressed; the amendment impinges on parent child relationships; that child labor issues are local rather than national ones and that states have the “necessary powers” to oversee them; and that an amendment would lead to the “Communistic or Bolshevistic Nationalization of Children.” (p. 6)<br /><br />The report is signed by the Committee on Industrial Relations<br /><br />William McCarroll, Chairman<br />August Goldsmith<br />Edwin S. Bayer<br />Frank B. McCord<br />E. C. Miller<br />John G. Walber<br />Dudley Farrand<br /><br />Adopted December 10, 1924 by New York Board of Trade and Transportation.
Creator
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Committee on Industrial Relations to the New York Board of Trade and Transportation
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<span><a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2432" target="_blank" title="Paul U. Kellogg papers, finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Paul U. Kellogg papers</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/505670" title="Child Labor Amendment, finding aid">Child Labor Amendment 1923-1927</a>, Box 22 Folder 197, Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries </span>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1924 December 10
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
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<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Relation
A related resource
<span>Learn more:</span><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Child+Labor+Amendment" target="_blank" title="Items related to the Child Labor Amendment" rel="noreferrer noopener">Child Labor Amendment</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span><br /><span>"</span><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/a-needed-amendment-to-restrict-child-labor/" target="_blank" title="Article from The Nation, January 1934" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Needed Amendment To Restrict Child Labor</a><span>" </span><em>The Nation. </em><span>January, 1934. Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/child-labor/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Child Labor</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span>
Bolshevism
child labor
Child Labor Amendment
communism
New York
socialism
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Title
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
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What Did Miss Abbott Really Say? [NCLC pamphlet]
Description
An account of the resource
A pamphlet issued by the National Child Labor Committee to present testimony by Grace Abbott, former head of the United States Children’s Bureau, before the House Judiciary Committee on February 15, 1924. The pamphlet was issued in order to counter claims regarding her testimony made in a legal brief written in 1934 by William D. Guthrie, “The Child Labor Amendment: Argument in Opposition to Ratification.”
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Child Labor Committee
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/680">Gertrude Zimand papers</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/162010">Articles and Studies, 1924-1965</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/162010">Box: 2, Folder: 17</a>. Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1934
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Child+Labor+Amendment" target="_blank" title="Items related to the Child Labor Amendment" rel="noreferrer noopener">Child Labor Amendment</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span><br /><span>"</span><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/a-needed-amendment-to-restrict-child-labor/" target="_blank" title="Article from The Nation, January 1934" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Needed Amendment To Restrict Child Labor</a><span>" </span><em>The Nation. </em><span>January, 1934. Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/child-labor/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Child Labor</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project <br /></span><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/childrens-bureau/abbott-grace/" target="_blank" title="Grace Abbot" rel="noreferrer noopener">Grace Abbott</a>, Social Welfare History Project
child labor
Child Labor Amendment
Grace Abbott
National Child Labor Committee
NCLC
William D. Guthrie
-
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e0d946d6d2bce838a9cfdc77e9a93c4f
https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/f4fcd5e524e9bc5ba19ee72da0a97733.jpg
b06a9f07b6f37109fbc75dacb81a4030
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Owen R. Lovejoy to Dr. Samuel McCuns Lindsay, January 27, 1925
Description
An account of the resource
Letter to <a href="http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/archival/collections/ldpd_4079559/" title="biographical information on Samuel Lindsay" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dr. Samuel McCuns Lindsay</a>, Chairman, National Child Labor Committee from <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aWR5HJJktL8C&pg=RA1-PA86&lpg=RA1-PA86&dq=owen+reed+lovejoy&source=bl&ots=lX817HZtPo&sig=QTelVI2DcghkKeJX9656aSuCh2g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjK86yblePcAhXGY98KHVufA_gQ6AEwBnoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=owen%20reed%20lovejoy%20&f=false" target="_blank" title="Owen Reed Lovejoy biographical information" rel="noreferrer noopener">Owen R. Lovejoy</a>, General Secretary, National Child Labor Committee<br /><br />Dated January 27, 1925. <br /><br />In the letter Lovejoy reflects on the campaign against child labor and discusses his reasons for resigning his post.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Lovejoy, Owen R. (Owen Reed), 1866-1961
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<p><a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/733">Survey Associates records</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/169735">Lovejoy, Owen R., 1921-1949.</a> <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/169735">Box: 95, Folder: 714-715</a>. Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries.</p>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1925 January 27
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more: <br /><span><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/national-child-labor-committee/" target="_blank" title="National Child Labor Committee" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Child Labor Committee</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aWR5HJJktL8C&pg=RA1-PA86&lpg=RA1-PA86&dq=owen+reed+lovejoy&source=bl&ots=lX817HZtPo&sig=QTelVI2DcghkKeJX9656aSuCh2g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjK86yblePcAhXGY98KHVufA_gQ6AEwBnoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=owen%20reed%20lovejoy%20&f=false" target="_blank" title="biographical information on Owen R. Lovejoy" rel="noreferrer noopener">Owen Reed Lovejoy</a>, <em>Michigan Biographical Dictionary 2008-2009,</em> by Caryn Hannan.<br /><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/related/?fi=subject&q=Lovejoy%2C%20Owen%20R.--%28Owen%20Reed%29%2C--1866-1961." target="_blank" title="Photographs of Lovejoy" rel="noreferrer noopener">Owen R. Lovejoy</a>, Library of Congress Prints & Photographs</span>
child labor
National Child Labor Committee
NCLC
Owen Reed Lovejoy
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Title
A name given to the resource
University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
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Here in Massachusetts [Massachusetts Child Labor Committee pamphlet]
Description
An account of the resource
Here in Massachusetts: A fund raising pamphlet issued by the Massachusetts Child Labor Committee to promote regulation of working conditions and employment for children. The pamphlet cites statistics on child labor and industrial accidents and argues that work detracts from education, offers no real future benefits, and impairs health.<br /><br />The first page shows a photograph of a boy with the caption “Worth a Chance? How Much is That Chance Worth to You!”<br /><br />The pamphlet includes a word puzzle, “An Old Problem and a New Year.: the Corner Stones of a Square Deal” The puzzle identifies play, work, health, and school as rights of childhood.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Massachusetts Child Labor Committee
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2432">Paul U. Kellogg papers</a>.<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/505670">Child Labor Amendment, 1923-1927</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/505670">Box: 22, Folder: 197</a>. Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
c. 1924
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
child labor
Massachusetts
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Title
A name given to the resource
University of Minnesota Libraries
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Title
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Casualties of Child Labor: Ten Children Illegally Employed in Pennsylvania and What Happened to Them
Description
An account of the resource
Pamphlet issued by the Consumers' League of Eastern Pennsylvania as an exposé of workplace accidents involving children. The authors make an appeal to regulate child labor, and “To break down the conspiracy of silence” (p. 11) about illegal child employment. <br /><br /> The cover summarizes the cases discussed in the pamphlet:<br /><br /> "Two killed – one smothered to death and one blown to pieces<br /> Six seriously injured – hands crushed, fingers amputated, leg mangled<br /> Two of the injured permanently incapacited<br /> Two injured more or less seriously”
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
De Lima, Agnes <br />McConnell, Beatrice, 1894-1985
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2432">Paul U. Kellogg papers</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/505670">Child Labor Amendment, 1923-1927</a>. <a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/archival_objects/505670">Box: 22, Folder: 197.</a> Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Publisher
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Consumers' League of Eastern Pennsylvania
Date
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1924 December
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archive, University of Minnesota Libraries
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<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
child labor
Consumers' League
Consumers' League of Eastern Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
public health
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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SCLC Crusade for the Vote: To Double the Negro Vote in the South [Southern Christian Leadership Conference brochure]
Description
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Brochure distributed by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) which describes and promotes the "Crusade for the Ballot. To Double the Negro Vote in the South." The campaign aimed to double the number of registered Black voters in the South and to educate and stimulate these citizens to exercise the vote. <br /><br />Page 3 of the brochure states that this goal will be achieved by educating and stimulating Black citizens to vote. Organizing communities, bipartisanship, and non-violence. <br /><br />SCLC leadership at this time included Martin Luther King, Jr. President, Wyatt Tee Walker, Executive Director, and Atty. I. M. Augustine, General Counsel. <br /><br />The pamphlet is from the <a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="additional materials ">National Conference of Christians and Jews, Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project</a>, and is part of a resource file on discrimination in voting. It discusses voter suppression tactics and lists ways to counter them and increase voter registration and participation. <br /><br /><br />Excerpts: <br /><br />p. 2 <br />THE FACTS<br />(1) Over 5 million Negros of voting age live in the South.<br />(2) Only 25% of adult Negroes vote compared with 60% white adults.<br />(3) Purges of voter lists, "slowdowns" by registrars, opening the registration office only one of two days a month and at hours that are not helpful for working people; and<br />(4) Open intimidation by some plantation bosses and many local officials, all play a part in discouraging the Negro Citizen from becoming a registered voter. <br /><br />As a result, "Government by consent of the governed," upon which our nation was founded in 1776, is a goal still to be made a reality in most of the South today. <br /><br />Most of the present crop of Southern Senators and Congressmen will oppose and fillibuster all legislation designed to protect the voting rights of citizens of this region. <br /><br />YOU CAN CHANGE THIS SITUATION <br />Despite these obstacles Negro citizens are struggling daily to double the number of voters and to obtain representation in government. <br />Even the most die-hard segregationist in public office can be made to respect voting power. Furthermore, we know there are many liberal white citizens in the South who count on the Negro votes to increase enough for liberal voice to be heard in the government. <br />The whole nation will benefit from an enlarged Negro vote in the South. This area of our country CAN elect men and women of good will and a sense of justice to Congress and to local state legislatures. <br />Let all who believe in Freedom and Human Dignity join in this great Crusade for The Ballot Now!! <br /><br />p. 3 In Unity There Is Strength. No narrow partisan interest must be allowed to divide us. In reaching a cross section of the Negro community, the Crusade will move across party lines. It is for the good of the local community that all civic, church, fraternal and other organizations <br /><br />p. 4 <br />"The goal of the Freedom Movement in the South can be summed up in 3 words: All, Here, and Now <br />We want all of our rights as citizens (not just some rights); <br />We want them here, in the Deep South, and <br />We want them now" <br /> -Martin Luther King, Jr. <br /><br />When you have finished reading this, please pass it on to a member of the family, a neighbor or a friend.<br /><br /><a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="University of Minnesota Libraries collections">Full transcript and other related items</a> via University of Minnesota Libraries, Social Welfare History Archives.
Creator
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Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2434" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="finding aid">National Conference of Christians and Jews records (SW0092)</a>. <a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061?q%3D%2522Voting%2Brights%2522&source=gmail&ust=1596631787427000&usg=AFQjCNE-srMJQt7FYy6BeuKGvSaecsHldQ" rel="noopener" title="Univ. of Minnesota Libraries UMedia site for this document">Special Projects. Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project. Discrimination in Voting. (Box 18, Folder 19)</a>. Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1962-1963
Relation
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Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/controlling-the-vote/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Discovery Set. Controlling the Vote">Controlling the Vote -- Rights. Registration. Representation.</a> Social Welfare History Image Portal
Rights
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NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a>
African Americans
ballot box
Crusade for the Vote
Georgia
Martin Luther King Jr.
race
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
voter registration
Voting
voting rights
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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Literacy and the Right to Vote. CLSA Reports: Information Bulletin, No. 2, May 15, 1962.
Description
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This information bulletin is a publication of the Commission on Law and Social Action of the <a href="https://ajcongress.org/about/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="American Jewish Congress website">American Jewish Congress</a>. The four-page document, written by CLSA director <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/07/obituaries/leo-pfeffer-83-lawyer-on-staff-of-the-american-jewish-congress.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="New York Times obituary of Leo Pfeffer ">Leo Pfeffer</a>, discusses the topic of literacy tests and voter registration, particularly as a tool of discrimination against Black and immigrant voting. Pfeffer also considers literacy in languages other than English. <br /><br />This American Jewish Congress bulletin is from the National Conference of Christians and Jews, Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project and is part of a resource files on discrimination in voting. It discusses the use of literacy tests as a means to prevent voting. <br /><br /><br />Excerpts: <br />p.1 Today, however there is no widespread demand that literacy tests for voters be completely abolished. What is in issue is the use of such tests to discriminate against members of minority ethnic groups. The major victims in the South are the Negroes and in New York Puerto Ricans who are literate only in Spanish and Jews literate only in Yiddish. <br /><br />It is no accident that literacy tests should be so popular in the South. Their origin is to be found in the search by the Southern states to find ways to defeat the objective of the 15th Amendment which sought to secure the Negro's right to vote. Among other (e.g., poll tax, white promaries, etc.) the literacy test was hit upon as such a device. While this did effectively bar the polls to many Negroes, it had the disadvantage from the Southerner's viewpoint of also disenfranchising many whites who likewise were illiterate. To get around this, the "grandfather clause" was invented. This was a provision in the statute which exempted from the requirement of literacy anyone who was a descendant of a person who voted before 1866, in effect meaning any white person. <br /><br />p.2 Typical of the administration of literacy tests in the South is the explanation given by a Louisiana registrar to an investigator of the Civil Right Commission for her practice of asking for constitutional interpretations only from Negro applicants: "Usually, I find that the white people are more intelligent along those lines and I very seldom ask them; but some of the colored people -- I can determine by the way they fill out their card that they are not intelligent in these respects." <br /><br />To meet this problem the Civil Rights Commission unanimously recommended that any state law requirement of literacy as a prerequisite to the right to vote shall be deemed satisfied if the applicant shows that he completed six years of instruction in elementary school. A number of measures along this line have been introduced in Congress. <br /><br />p.3 Southern spokesmen argue that these bills are unconstitutional because they interfere with states rights. They contend that if a Negro is discriminated against his only relief is to sue in the courts. <br />However, both the 14th and 15th Amendments specifically provide that Congress shall have the power to enforce their provisions by appropriate legislation....Enactment by Congress of the proposal recommended by the Civil Rights Commission would show that Congress realizes that it too shares responsibility in the struggle for equality. <br /><br /><br />p. 4 There is a valid reason to deny the right to vote to persons who have not yet reached the age of maturity, or to those whose limited mental capacities render them unable to handle their own affairs. There is no valid reason to deny the ballot to a person who is competent to exercise intelligent judgment in respect to the issues of the day and the candidates for public office simply because he acquired his knowledge in one rather than another language.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<span><a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2434" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="finding aid">National Conference of Christians and Jews records (SW0092)</a>. </span><a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061/p16022coll453:11057?child_index=19&query=&sidebar_page=7" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061?q%3D%2522Voting%2Brights%2522&source=gmail&ust=1596631787427000&usg=AFQjCNE-srMJQt7FYy6BeuKGvSaecsHldQ" rel="noopener" title="University of Minnesota Libraries UMedia digital collections">Special Projects. Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project. Discrimination in Voting. (Box 18, Folder 19)</a> Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
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1962 May 15
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Creator
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Commission on Law and Social Action of the American Jewish Congress
Rights
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NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a>
African Americans
American Jewish Congress
civil rights
CLSA
Commission on Law and Social Action
Leo Pfeffer
literacy tests
voter suppression
Voting
voting rights
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Dublin Core
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University of Minnesota Libraries
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Voting Rights Act...the first months
Description
An account of the resource
Within the first six weeks after the Voting Rights Act was signed into law, staff attorneys from the Commission on Civil Rights visited 32 Southern counties and parishes to study the implementation of the legislation. This document is their report, transmitted to the President, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives in November 1965. <br /><br />The Commission found widespread compliance, but also a need for further action. Their "Findings and Recommendations," along with the section titled, "Problems in Registration" are presented here. <br /><br />Read the report's <a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll391:4298/p16022coll391:4185?child_index=9&query=&sidebar_page=4" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="read the report's history of the Voting Rights Act of 1965">Chapter 1: History of the Voting Rights Act of 1965</a>. <br /><br />Excerpts: <br />p.34 Problems in Registration<br /><br />Some country registrars in Mississippi and Alabama have violated the new law by refusing to register illiterates....<br /><br />Delay has created a problem in Alabama and South Carolina, principally because these States have a restricted number of registration days. <br /><br />p. 35 In some counties in North Carolina, registrars conduct all but three days of registration in their own homes or places of business. Social and psychological barriers are likely to deter Negroes from seeking out a registrar in his exclusively white neighborhood.... <br /><br />Racial violence related to civil rights activities is another factor which has limited applications in some counties with examiners. The killing of seminarian <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Daniels" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="biographical information on Jonathan Daniels">Jonathan Daniels</a> in Lowndes Country, Alabama, on August 20 and the acquittal of his killer on September 30 appear to have been the single most important factor in reducing Negro applications in that county. It is symbolic of conditions there that a pick-up truck with a rifle visibly displayed has been parked daily immediately outside the examiner's office since the opening of the office. Registration workers in the country have reported increasing threats against their lives and continued efforts to intimidate resident Negro leaders.<br /><br />------<br /><br />This booklet on the Voting Rights Act was part of a resource file on civil rights and voting in the files of the National Federation of Settlements. The Federation was active in community organizing for social justice, voting, and civil rights. The <a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll391:4298/p16022coll391:4176" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="complete document and transcript">entire document along with a transcript</a> is available via the University of Minnesota Libraries, Social Welfare History Archives.
Creator
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United States Commission on Civil Rights
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://archives.lib.umn.edu/repositories/11/resources/2445" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="finding aid">National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers records</a> (<a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll391:4298/p16022coll391:4176" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="view this document">Box 169, Folder 3</a>), Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1965
Contributor
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Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
Rights
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NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a>
African Americans
civil rights
discrimination
Legislation
literacy tests
poll tax
race
voter registration
voter suppression
Voting
voting rights
Voting Rights Act 1965