I support voting districts for Virginians, not politicians. [tote bag]
description: Blue tote bag with white lettering reading "I support Voting districts for Virginians, not politicians." The OneVirginia2021 logo appears in the center with the words "For Fair Redistricting. OneVirginia2021.org" OneVirginia2021 is an American civic non-profit organization founded to advocate for a non-partisan redistricting of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Formed in 2014, OneVirginia2021 is made up of people from across the political spectrum, including Republicans, Democrats, and TEA party members. Gerrymandering is the practice of setting the boundaries of electoral districts to favor specific political interests. The redrawing of district lines takes place after each new U. S. Census to ensure that the "one person one vote" requirement is met. Partisan gerrymandering works to increase the power of a political party. Racial gerrymandering weakens representation, and therefore the political power, of minority voters.
creator: OneVirginia2021
source: Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries
contributor: Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries
rights: IN COPYRIGHT This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Miller, G. (2018). The map that popularised the word 'Gerrymander.' National Geographic (November 6, 2018). Ingraham, C. (2015, March 1). This is the best explanation of gerrymandering you will ever see. The Washington Post. Baker v. Carr, 1962. Reynolds v. Sims, 1964. Redistricting guru's hard drives could mean legal, political woes for GOP (2019, June 6), National Public Radio. One Virginia 2021, organization website

Vote. [League of Women Voters poster by Louis Bonhajo]
description: Poster shows a muse-like figure pointing towards the Capitol as a woman deposits her ballot into a locked ballot box. The voting woman holds the hand of a small female child dressed in pink. Poster text: "VOTE / League of Women Voters" Printed by Erie Litho & Ptg Co. Illustration by Louis Valentine Bonhajo (1885-1970)
creator: League of Women Voters
source: M 9 Box 233 f7, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978 (location Oversize Ephemera Material in Map Drawer #23), James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1920
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Acknowledgment of Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.

Let the people VOTE to end gerrymandering. [bumper sticker]
description: Bumper sticker created by OneVirginia2021, an American civic non-profit organization founded to advocate for a non-partisan redistricting of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Formed in 2014, OneVirginia2021 is made up of people from across the political spectrum, including Republicans, Democrats, and TEA party members. Sticker text: Let the People VOTE to END GERRYMANDERING. OneVirginia2021.org
creator: OneVirginia2021
source: Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries
contributor: Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries
rights: IN COPYRIGHT This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Miller, G. (2018). The map that popularised the word 'Gerrymander.' National Geographic (November 6, 2018). Ingraham, C. (2015, March 1). This is the best explanation of gerrymandering you will ever see. The Washington Post. Baker v. Carr, 1962. Reynolds v. Sims, 1964. Redistricting guru's hard drives could mean legal, political woes for GOP (2019, June 6), National Public Radio. One Virginia 2021, organization website

The Southern Frontier, vol. 2, no. 1
description: Published by Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), The Southern Frontier was a monthly newsletter, first issued in January, 1940. Aiming to share the stories overlooked by traditional newspapers, the newsletter published stories of social progress, as well as stories of racial injustices faced by African Americans across the American South. As described by then President of the CIC Howard W. Odum, the name The Southern Frontier alludes to the need for even greater pioneering and progress in the social and cultural frontiers, the American South being the most turbulent field in reference to race relations and progress at the time. Vol. 2, No. 1 contains contributions by: Jessie Daniel Ames Selected articles are: "Negroes Make Progress--Many 'Firsts' in 1940" “Hot Spots Develop In Three States” – An article about high racial tensions in Memphis, TN; Dallas, TX; and Georgetown, SC, and how the general public, city governments, and police departments are responding. “What is a Lynching?” – An article describing a December 14, 1940 conference held at Tuskegee Institute in which a definition of lynching was accepted as needing “legal evidence that a person has been killed and that he met his death illegally at the hands of a group acting under the pretext of service to justice, race or tradition.” "Lynching Map of the United States for the Past Decade" "Why We Lynched--1940" notes the reasons for various lynchings in the South. An article on page 4 notes the unequal salaries of black and white teachers and school administrators in Virginia. "In the City of Richmond, the salaries of Negro principals of Negro high schools and elementary schools are a little more than one-half of the salaries paid to white high school principals--while white principals of Negro schools are paid approximately one-third more than Negro principals." "Negroes Refused Correspondence Courses" describes how the Texas Attorney General has rulled against black citizens who wished to take corre…
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Jessie Daniel Ames Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching collection, 1930-1944, Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Seminary Library
date: 1941 January
contributor: Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary Library
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Ames, J. (1938). Editorial Treatment of Lynchings. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 2(1), 77-84. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2745056 Waldrep, C. (2000). War of Words: The Controversy over the Definition of Lynching, 1899-1940. The Journal of Southern History, 66(1), 75-100. doi:10.2307/2587438 Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

The Southern Frontier, vol. 2, no. 2
description: Published by Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), The Southern Frontier was a monthly newsletter, first issued in January, 1940. Aiming to share the stories overlooked by traditional newspapers, the newsletter published stories of social progress, as well as stories of racial injustices faced by African Americans across the American South. As described by then President of the CIC Howard W. Odum, the name The Southern Frontier alludes to the need for even greater pioneering and progress in the social and cultural frontiers, the American South being the most turbulent field in reference to race relations and progress at the time. Vol. 2, No. 1 contains contributions by: J. W. Haywood Selected articles are: “The South Has a `Bottleneck’” – An article describing the South as an environment common with incidents of governmental discrimination towards black citizens, as well as acts of goodwill on the parts of individual white citizens, but that are in turn done in silence or in secrecy to avoid backlash from governing or administrating entities. “Negro Soldiers Want White Commander” – An article describing a case in which a platoon of black soldiers holding resentment over being assigned a black commander. The article provides analysis of this story, one from a white southerner perspective, the other from a black southerner perspective. "Negroes Enter Army Aviation" discusses the formation of the Tuskegee Airmen. The article notes that the (Negro) National Airmen's Association opposes segregation in the military.
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Jessie Daniel Ames Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching collection, 1930-1944, Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Seminary Library
date: 1941 February
contributor: Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary Library
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Lapel pin, Airmen's Association of America, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

The Southern Frontier, vol. 2, no. 3
description: Published by Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), The Southern Frontier was a monthly newsletter, first issued in January, 1940. Aiming to share the stories overlooked by traditional newspapers, the newsletter published stories of social progress, as well as stories of racial injustices faced by African Americans across the American South. As described by the then President of the CIC Howard W. Odum, the name The Southern Frontier alludes to the need for even greater pioneering and progress in the social and cultural frontiers, the American South being the most turbulent field in reference to race relations and progress at the time. Vol. 2, No. 3 contains contributions by: Dr. Horace Mann Bond Arthur L. Coleman John Temple Graves II L. R. Reynolds C. H. Tobias D. E. Williams Selected articles are: "The Southern Negro as a Consumer" “A Blurred Mirror Distorts the Image” – Dr. Horace Mann Bond, President of Fort Valley State College, speaking in Chicago on Race Relations Sunday. Bond speaks on the negative stereotypes and perception of Black people in dominant American culture and the dangers posed to the psyche of the Black community. “Negroes have their own News Sources” – A commentary on the value of Black newspapers and how stories are presented differently than in White newspapers
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Jessie Daniel Ames Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching collection, 1930-1944, Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Seminary Library
date: 1941 March
contributor: Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary Library
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

The Southern Frontier, vol. 2, no. 4
description: Published by Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), The Southern Frontier was a monthly newsletter, first issued in January, 1940. Aiming to share the stories overlooked by traditional newspapers, the newsletter published stories of social progress, as well as stories of racial injustices faced by African Americans across the American South. As described by the then President of the CIC Howard W. Odum, the name The Southern Frontier alludes to the need for even greater pioneering and progress in the social and cultural frontiers, the American South being the most turbulent field in reference to race relations and progress at the time. Vol. 4, No. 4 contains contributions by H. Bynum Selected articles are: “Education for Security” – An article describing the underfunded Southern school system in face of the large sums being spent on military funding for World War II. "An Open Letter to Eugene Talmadge (Governor of Georgia)" from The Macon News, regarding his veto of a state training school for African American girls. “`The Mind of the South’ `Lanterns on the Levee’” – Reviews of two books describing the psyche and culture of the American South. "Short Changed" -- an editorial cartoon from the Louisville Courier-Journal
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Jessie Daniel Ames Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching collection, 1930-1944, Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Seminary Library
date: 1941 April
contributor: Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary Library
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

We Fight For Democracy, 1918 [Uncle Sam, Columbia, and Democracy]
description: Studio portrait of costumed figures before a sign saying "We Fight For Democracy." This photograph was taken during World War I. Ralph Harvie Wormley as Uncle Sam; Adeline Harmon Cowles as Columbia, Martha Jobson, as Democracy holding a ballot box. These young people rode in the Equal Suffrage League float during the Thrift Day Parade in Richmond, Va., March 23, 1918. A Foster studio photo.
creator: Foster Studio.
source: M 9 Box 239, 242, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1918
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: National Woman Suffrage Association, Social Welfare History Project Women's Suffrage: The Movement, Social Welfare History Project Richmond Times-Dispatch, March 24, 1918, Virginia Chronicle, Library of Virginia Woman Citizen, April 20, 1920, Social Welfare History Image Portal War Savings Stamps, Social Welfare History Image Portal

National Health Circle for Colored People, Inc. Hiking the Health Road for Others
description: Informational pamphlet about the National Health Circle for Colored People, Inc. The National Health Circle for Colored People developed out of the Circle for Negro Relief, an organization that helped meet the needs for black soldiers and their families during World War I. In 1919 the Circle was reorganized as a peace time program for the promotion of public health work in African American communities. Belle Davis, a graduate of Fisk University, served as the Circle's executive secretary. Davis made over 25,000 visits in nine years to promote public health and welfare and raise awareness of the needs of black communities. The National Health Circle for Colored People also worked to recruit, educate and place African American public health nurses. They raised money for scholarship loans and at one time provided office space for the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses. This pamphlet list six "Objects of the Organization" and speaks to public health conditions, their causes, and the remedy. An appeal to both white and black citizens for membership is followed by endorsements from Theodore Roosevelt, R. R. Moton, Haven Emerson, M.D., and C. Everit Macy. Dr. Will W. Alexander of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation is listed as a member of the Board of Directors. The Circle notes that "tuberculosis kills eleven times as many Negro boys between the ages of ten and fourteen as white boys, and about eight times as many colored girls as white girls." Life expectancy of blacks was less than that of whites, and as many as 96 out of every 1,000 African American babies died before their first birthday. Pictured on the front cover are two Scholarship Nurses of the Circle, Alice Alvenia Sightler, R.N., graduate of Mercy Hospital, Philadelphia (left) and Agnes Boozer, R.N., graduate of Harlem Hospital School of Nursing (right).
creator: National Health Circle for Colored People, Inc.
source: M 9 Box 35, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: between 1926 - 1929
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Organizing Black America: an encyclopedia of African American associations (2001). New York: Garland. Thoms, A. B. (1929). Pathfinders: a history of the progress of colored graduate nurses. New York: Kay Print House. Hine, D.C. (1989). Black women in white: racial conflict and cooperation in the nursing profession, 1890-1950. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. National Association of Colored Nurses records, 1908-1958. New York Public Library. Hodson, Jane (1911). How to become a trained nurse. 3rd ed. New York, W. Abbatt. See p. 255, "Schools for Colored Nurses (Exclusively)."

Virginia (white) Denominational Conference on Race Relations, October 28, 1930. Program and Resolution on "The Birth of a Nation."
description: Alternate name: Virginia Church Conference on Race Relations. A meeting of white religious leaders convened to discuss how churches might take a leadership role in race relations. See all documents related to this event.
source: M 9 Box 35, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1930 October 28
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Profiles from the Archives: Benjamin R. Lacy, Jr. North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources

Occasional Newsletter #1 (To State Committee Members in this Area)
description: A newsletter of the Commission for Interracial Cooperation addressed to the Virginia State Committee members in the area of Richmond, Va. Excerpts: p.1 The one thing important is for the leaders of both races to be close enough to each other to know the needs, and, as far as possible, the thoughts, feelings and attitudes of each race toward the other. I see nothing constructive in saying "We have the best Negroes (or white folks) in the world" unless that is based upon first-hand knowledge of the actual conditions; surface impressions may not be trustworthy. I could recite number of illustrations where trusted leaders of both races are patiently, quietly and courageously facing these situations where there may be injustice and discrimination and are trying to change the attitude out of which unsatisfactory conditions grow, thus producing a by-product of understanding and mutual trust upon which all permanent adjustments must rest. p.2 Have there been any lynchings in your section or in your state thus far in 1928? If so give particulars. During the past few years, the Commission, among many other constructive services, has conducted a vigorous campaign agaist the practice of lynching, all too prevalent in most American states. During three of the past four years, the number of lynchings has reached the low annual mark of 16, against a former forty-year average of more than 100. Certainly the Commission would not lay claim to all the credit for this progress; many factors have contributed, not the least of which is the press, which has created a more enlightened public opinion.
creator: Reynolds, L. R.
source: M 9 Box 35, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1928
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/

Invitation to Virginia Church Conference on Race Relations to Adele Clark from Ben R. Lacy, Jr.
description: Letter of invitation from Dr. Ben R. Lacy, Jr. Chairman of the Conference Committe and President, Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Va. Addressed to Miss Adele Clark. the letter invites her to attend the Virginia Church Conference on Race Relations, October 28, 1930. The conference was held at St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Va. The conference theme was "Facing Facts With a Christian Program." Lacy begins, "The South faces no problem more far-reaching and difficult of solution than that caused by the presence in one territory of the white and Negro races. In any serious effor to find a way out, the Churches must take the place of leadership." The letter notes that "Only white people (except as indicated) will be expected to be present, in order that there may be the most freedom of expression in facing our responsibility." Representatives from the various denominations, "Presidents of Denominational Schools and Colleges, Editors of Church Press, Directors of Religious Education, Missionary Secretaries, Church Women's Societies, all white ministers, officials of the Y.W.C.A. and Y.M.C.A. and Special Students" were invited. See all documents related to this event. Among the speakers at the conference were Gordon B. Hancock, a professor at Virginia Union University, spoke on living conditions of African Americans in Richmond, and Dr. Robert Russa Moton, Principal of Tuskegee Institute whose address closed the conference.
creator: Lacy, Ben R., Jr.
source: M 9 Box 34, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1930 October 21
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Profiles from the Archives: Benjamin R. Lacy, Jr. North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources

Interracial Conference of Church Women, Eagles Mere, Pa., September 21-22, 1926
description: Group portrait of attendees at the Interracial Conference of Church Women, Eagles Mere, Pa., September 21-22, 1926. The conference was held by the Commission on the Church and Race Relations of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, Inc. (the Federal Council of Churches), the Council of Women for Home Missions, and the National Board of the YWCA. Mrs. Richard W. Westbrook (Mary L. Westbrook) of Brooklyn, NY, was the conference chairman. She stands in the front row (fifth from right) next to Charlotte Hawkins Brown, founder of Palmer Memorial Center, who stands in the front row center. Delegates identified: First row: Dr. Sara W. Brown (YWCA), second from left. Mrs. L. W. Kyles (A.M.E. Zion Church, Winston Salem, NC), third from left. Charlotte Hawkins Brown (founder Palmer Memorial Center), center. Mary L. Westbrook (conference chair), fifth from right. Miss Eva del Vakia Bowles (YWCA), second from right. Second row: Mary Anderson (first director U.S. Women's Bureau) third from left. Mrs. John Ferguson (Council of Women for Home Missions), fourth from right. George Edmund Haynes (sociologist, National Urban League), fourth row center. Third row: Adele Clark (League of Women Voters), left at end. Top row: Annetta M. Dieckmann (YWCA, Industrial Dept.), third from left. The Eagles Mere conference was noteworthy because it brought together white and black women leaders to study the possibilities of larger cooperation. Also of significance, delegates to the conference represented both the North and the South, giving the discussions a nationwide scope (Federal Council Bulletin, September-October, 1926, p.7). See all documents related to this conference.
source: M 9 Box 239, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1926 September
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Adams, B. L. (2016). Black women's Christian activism. Seeking social justice in a northern suburb. New York: New York University Press. Interracial Conference of Church Women, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Church Women Explore Interracial Paths, Federal Council Bulletin, September-October, 1926
description: Pages 7-8 (front and back) removed from Federal Council Bulletin, September-October, 1926. The article, "Church Women Explore Interracial Paths," details an interracial conference held on September 21-22, 1926 at Eagles Mere, Pa. The conference was organized by the Commission on the Church and Race Relations of the Federal Council of Churchs, the Council of Women for Home Missions, and the National Board of the Y.W.C.A. It was attended by delegates from numerous denominations and organizations. Adele Clark of Richmond, Va. attended representing the National League of Women Voters. The object of the conference, according to the chair Mrs. Richard W. Westbrook (Mary L. Westbrook), was "(1) To enlarge the scope of interracial thinking and to enlist the women of the churches more actively in plans and programs for improving the relations between the white and colored groups in America; (2) To discuss methods of better interracial organization through churches and their auxiliaries so that women may more effectively act on local interracial conditions; (3) To exchange concrete experiences from groups of women that have already attempted to carry out interracial programs; (4) To study the past experience of organizations that have done such work, to learn both from the sucesses and failures of such efforts how best to proceed in the future; (5) To understand better the present trend of feeling and opinion in race relations that the Churches may more effectively work for interracial goodwill and cooperation." See all documents related to the conference.
creator: Federal Council of Churches
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1926 September-October
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Adams, B. L. (2016). Black women's Christian activism. Seeking social justice in a northern suburb. New York: New York University Press. Interracial Conference of Church Women, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Letter to Adele Clark from Mary L. Westbrook, Federal Council of Churches, April 23, 1928
description: Letter from Mary L. Westbrook (Mrs. Richard W. Westbrook), Chairman, Church Women's Committee on Race Relations, Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, Inc. (Federal Council of Churches), sent to Adele Goodman Clark in her capacity as a representative of the National League of Women Voters at the 1926 Interracial Conference of Church Women. The letter describes a second conference planned for September 1928, and requests Clark begin planning to send delegates from the NLWV. Excerpts: "The past year and a half has disclosed problems which cause us to believe that there is need for the leaders of church women's organizations throughout the Nation to meet in conference again to discuss these problems, and to devise further plans and means of carrying forward the effective work begun so auspiciously following the epoch-making Interracial Conference of Church Women at Eagles Mere, Pa., Spetember 21-22, 1926, held by this Commission in cooperatin with the Council of Women for Home Missions and the National Board of the YWCA. This conference requested the Commission to form a Church Women's Committee on Race Relations, and this Committee, including representatives of practically every religious organization affiliated with the Federal Council of Churches, has been actively promoting parts of the program adopted at the Eagles Mere Conference. Correspondence with church women's groups in all parts of the Country has disclosed an unusual activity in race relations among them with a growing consciousness about the need of religion applied to the race problem. In many sections local committees were already in existence or have been formed; regional conferences in the Philadelphia and Chicago areas have been held with fruitful results." See all documents related to the Interracial Conference of Church Women.
creator: Westbrook, Mary L.
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1928 April 23
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Adams, B. L. (2016). Black women's Christian activism. Seeking social justice in a northern suburb. New York: New York University Press. Interracial Conference of Church Women, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Virginia Commission on Interracial Cooperation. Officers, Executive Committee, and Members
description: List of members and the organizations they represented in the Virginia Commission on Interracial Cooperation. Dr. R.E. Blackwell was the Virginia Chairman of this group. The parent organization, the Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), was based in Atlanta, Ga. Founded in 1919 by progressive Southern whites, the CIC sought to improve race relations with an anti-lynching campaign, and by educating the public about issues affecting blacks such as peonage, police brutality, and disparities in educational and health services. The group published a newsletter, The Southern Frontier.
creator: Virginia Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/

Register! Vote!
description: Poster reprinted from Collier's encouraging qualified citizens to register and vote in the 1924 presidential election. Voter turnout that year would fall short of the 1920 count. Text: Register! Vote! Don't be a parlor patriot. Don't be a rocking-chair Paul Revere. How Qualified Citizens Voted: 1896......80% 1900......73% 1912......62% 1920......49% Let's Make 1924 the Year of the Big Vote Reprinted from Collier's, The National Weekly
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Controlling the Vote -- Rights. Registration. Representation. Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Our Genius for Self-Government [editorial cartoon by Ding Darling]
description: Editorial cartoon by Ding Darling, reprinted from the New York Tribune by the New York League of Women Voters to encourage voter turnout for the 1924 presidential election. Image Description: In the top panel throngs of people line a city street. The caption reads, "The crowd that gathers when some 'human fly' announces that he will climb a skyscraper." Below two caucus leaders address a nearly empty room. The caption reads, "The crowd that gathers at the caucus which is to express the community's wish on the selection of a Presidential candidate."
creator: Darling, Jay Norwood
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: New York League of Women Voters
date: 1924
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Controlling the Vote -- Rights. Registration. Representation. Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Virginia Conference on Race Relations, The Southern Workman, January 1931
description: This article reports on the Virginia Church Conference on Race Relations held October 28, 1930 at St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Richmond, Va. The theme of the conference was "Facing the Facts with a Christian Program." Dr. Ben Lacy, Jr. President of Union Theological Seminary, presided over the gathering of leaders of white church groups in Virginia, and representative of Virginia schools and colleges. Speakers presented findings of "The Negro in Richmond, Virgina" a study completed by the Negro Welfare Suvey Committee in 1929. Topics such as housing, education, community health and infant mortality were discussed. Other matters covered included the possible re-release of "Birth of a Nation" as a sound film, lynchings, and interracial cooperation. The Hon. John Pollard, Governor of the Commonwealth and Dr. Robert R. Moton , principal of Tuskegee Institute addressed "a great interracial mass meeting attended by a thousand prominent citizens in addition to members of the conference." (p. 7) See all the materials related to this conference.
source: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1931 January
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: IN COPYRIGHT This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Drew, W. M. (2010). The last silent picture show : silent films on American screens in the 1930s. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. (See chapter 2). Virginia Church Conference on Interracial Relations, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Virginia Anti-Saloon League State Law-Enforcement Convention. February 1-2, 1922. Program and Invitation
description: Program for the Virginia Anti-Saloon League State Law-Enforcement Convention held February 1-2, 1922, and the letter that accompanied it. Letter (dated January 28, 1922) is from J. P. McConnell (James Preson McConnell), President of the Anti-Saloon League of Virginia, 1921-1928. The conference presents a mix of religious, patriotic, and legislative strategy. The governor of Virgina, E. Lee Trinkle, was scheduled to speak very briefly on the final evening.
source: M 9 Box 34, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1922 January 28
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: The Temperance Movement, Social Welfare History Project Temperance and Prohibition. Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal What the Bottle Does. One Year's Work. Anti-Saloon League of Virginia broadside Pegram, T. R. Anti-Saloon League of Virginia, Encyclopedia of Virginia Virginia Anti-Saloon League Collection, Radford University

Meet Death [public safety pamphlet]
description: 1950 public safety pamphlet containing "actual scenes photographed by Cincinnati Police Department." The images of automobile accidents resulting in death, remind the reader of the serious consequences of careless driving. Text inside back cover: "These pictures are the end result of minor traffic violations by selfish drivers and pedestrians. The daily slaughter of humans is unnecessary. Stamp out this killing. REMEMBER The life you save -- may be your own."
creator: Greater Cincinnati Safety Council
source: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1950
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: IN COPYRIGHT This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: The Rhetoric of Fear, Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Southern Women and the South's Race Problem
description: Pamphlet published by the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, written by Robert B. Eleazer, Educational Director. The pamphlet describes commission meetings in Memphis, Tn. and Atlanta, Ga., and the responsibility felt by southern white women (primarily church women), study and then improve the lives of black women and children in their cities. The need for day nurseries, kindergartens, clinics, playgrounds, better schools, improved housing and sanitation, safer conditions of travel, and especially the "unmeasured condemnation of lynching" are all noted. p. 2 "The purpose of this organization and its affiliated state and local committees is to bring about better understanding, justice and fair dealing between the white and colored races. The Commission believes that the white race, as the more fortunate group and the one responsible for the Negro's presence in America, is under obligation to be both just and generous toward the latter. It believes further that the welfare and even the racial integrity of the two groups can be effectively preserved in no other way."
creator: Eleazer, Robert B.
source: M 9, Box 243, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Why Should Women Vote? An Appeal to Gallant Men. [suffrage pamphlet]
description: Pro-suffrage pamphlet containing editorial cartoons by Lou Rogers, Phil Porter, and John T. McCutcheon, along with a map showing where women can vote. Excerpts: p.1 (cover) "WHY SHOULD WOMEN VOTE? This booklet contains all the OBJECTIONS to woman suffrage, their ANSWERS, and the CREAM of all that has been said or written on this subject from Moses and Plato down to Saint Paul and the year of our Lord, 1915. The map that's more than half woman suffrage already -- what's the matter with making it ALL woman suffrage? In the LIGHT States, women enjoy full suffrage. In the shaded States, women have taxation, bond, or school suffrage. In Illinois, women have Presidential, partial county and State, and municipal suffrage. In the DARK States, women have NO vote at all. AN APPEAL TO GALLANT MEN." p. 4 "Which side will get YOUR vote?... Chief Justice Green said, 'The opponents of woman suffrage in Washington find themselves allied with a solid phalanx of gamblers, pimps, prostitutes, drunkards and drunkard-makers.' When respectable people find themselves in alliance with scoundreldom, is it not worth while to stop and consider whether they have not taken their stand in the wrong company?"
source: M 9 Box 50, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1915
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.

Girls Home, 502 W. Clay Street, Richmond, Va. [brochure]
description: This informational brochure describes "interesting facts about the object, origin and progress" of a working-girls' home for self-supporting African American women in Richmond, Va. The project, described as a technical training school, was established in 1919 as a project of the National Protective League for Negro Girls and the Richmond Neighborhood Association. Ora Brown Stokes (Perry), a social activist, was a leader in both organizations. p.1 "Our Club Home. An 'Inspiration Point' for Self-Supporting Women and Girls for 'These are they that maintain the fabric of the world, and without them is no city builded.'" From p. 2 "The object of the Girls' Home is to provide and maintain a home which will solve the problem of the colored woman and girl of good character who comes to Richmond for the purpose of advancement, often without relatives, friends, or money; to surround them with Christian influences, to elevate the standard of employment, to provide a social center for women and girls." "The Home is managed by a splendid board with Mrs. Artena J. Miller as the efficient chairman. Mrs. Alice Holmes Watkins is the splendid House mother." "Our President, who is the Probation officer for women and girls, investigated the cause for the downfall of so many girls and women who came to the city. The cause was found to be that upon entereing the city they ofttimes found no one to direct them rightly and they were often sent by strangers to questionable places for room and board and the path downward was entered before they even knew it." "It is the only one of its kind which is being carried on by women of the race. The white friends has assisted largely by financial contributions and words of encouragement....Mrs. Ora Brown Stokes, President." The song "The Clarion Call" composed by Ora B. Stokes (September 5, 1915) and dedicated to Pocahontas Camp Fire Girls, Richmond, Va. is printed on the back of this brochure. The song was to be sung to the tune of "Loyalty to Chris…
creator: Perry, Ora Brown Stokes
source: M 9 Box 37, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Bonis, Ray (2019). Ora E. Brown Stokes (1882–1957). In Dictionary of Virginia Biography. Lehman, Angela (2023). Ora Brown Stokes and the Richmond Neighborhood Association, Social Welfare History Project Early social work history, Making VCU, VCU Libraries Gallery Ora Brown Stokes, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Headquarters News Letter, Vol. II, No. V, May 15, 1916. National American Woman Suffrage Association
description: Newsletter published by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Editorial cartoon on cover by C. D. Batchelor is captioned, "IF YOU WOULD HAVE A FRIEND, BE ONE!" It shows a woman (suffrage) standing with her arms draped over a donkey (at left) and an elephant (at right). Two banners are crossed behind her: "St. Louis (walk less) Suffrage Parade" and "Chicago Suffrage Parade." The article on pp. 6-7 "All aboard for Chicago!" begins "Chicago will be the suffrage center of the United States on June 7th." The article continues, "In the parade, which promises to be the biggest ever held in the Middle West, will be delegations of women from all parts of the country, bouyantly marching behind bands of martial music and keeping step to the beat of a single thought--that of impressing upon the masculine voters of this country the necessity of having the National Republican Convention insert an equal suffrage plank in its national party platform."
creator: National American Woman Suffrage Association
source: M 9 Box 49, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1916 May 15
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ Acknowledgment of VCU Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: National American Woman Suffrage Association, Social Welfare History Image Portal Editorial cartoons, Social Welfare History Image Portal