Closed Schools Constitute Catastrophe!!! [1963 Farmville, Va. protests]
Demonstration in front of Prince Edward County Courthouse, Main Street, Farmville, Va., July 1963, protesting the four-year long closure of the public schools <br /><br />Clara Gibson is closest to camera. Third person in line is Sandra "Sandy" Stokes. Second protester carries sign reading, "Ask Mr. Vaughn Why The Schools Are Closed. He will 'Him' and 'Haw' and Decline to Disclose!"<br /><br />From VCU Libraries <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/freedom_now_project/12464900743/in/album-72157640935144155/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Freedom Now Project</a>
<a href="https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3A4252" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Farmville 1963 Civil Rights Protests</a><span>,</span><span> VCU Libraries Digital Collections</span>
1963 July
Digital Collections, VCU Libraries
This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more:<a href="https://www.library.vcu.edu/research-teaching/special-collections-and-archives/exhibits/freedom-now/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">VCU Libraries Freedom Now Project</a> <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Massive_Resistance" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Massive Resistance</a>, <em>Encyclopedia Virginia <br /></em><a href="https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/hist_pubs/3/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Program of Action: The Rev. L. Francis Griffin and the Struggle for Racial Equality in Farmville, 1963</a>, VCU Libraries Scholars Compass.
Americans Do Not Practice What They Preach [1963 Farmville, Va. protests]
<span>Protestor outside Safeway, Farmville Shopping Center, August 1963. </span><br /><br />Demonstrators carry signs opposing racial segregation, and encouraging shoppers to boycott businesses that support discriminatory practices.<br /><br />From VCU Libraries <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/freedom_now_project/12465792375/in/album-72157640891758243/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Freedom Now Project</a>
<a href="https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3A4601" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Farmville 1963 Civil Rights Protests</a><span>,</span><span> VCU Libraries Digital Collections</span>
<span>1963 August 24</span>
Digital Collections, VCU Libraries
This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more:<a href="https://www.library.vcu.edu/research-teaching/special-collections-and-archives/exhibits/freedom-now/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">VCU Libraries Freedom Now Project</a> <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Massive_Resistance" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Massive Resistance</a>, <em>Encyclopedia Virginia <br /></em><a href="https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/hist_pubs/3/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Program of Action: The Rev. L. Francis Griffin and the Struggle for Racial Equality in Farmville, 1963</a>, VCU Libraries Scholars Compass.
Equal Suffrage League Float, Thrift Day Parade, March 23, 1918
Equal Suffrage League of Virginia float depicting the Barge of State with Victory at the prow. <br /><br />This photograph was taken at the Thrift Day Parade held the afternoon of Saturday, March 23, 1918 in Richmond, VA. According to newspaper reports, over 20,000 people participated and over 100 floats were present. <br /><br /><span>This photograph was published in the April 20, 1918 issue <i>of The Woman Citizen</i>. Adele Clark and Nora Houston, Richmond art teachers and leaders in the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESL), decorated the float which was sponsored by the Richmond league of the ESL. <br /><br /> The “boat” was occupied by children and others in costumes representing “the extensive war service work being done by the League in conservation, Red Cross, Liberty Loan and food production” (<em>Woman Citizen</em>, 414).<br /><br />The location of this image is the 100 block of the N. 4th St. directly across the street from the ESL headquarters. Holding the ESL banner are Ida Mae Thompson (1866–1947) and Edith Clark Cowles (1874-1954), both members of the ESL. Ralph Harvie Wormeley is dressed as Uncle Sam, with Adeline Harmon Cowles as Columbia, beside him. In the seat in front of them is Martha Jobson as Democracy. <br /><br />See the phototgraph <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/487" target="_blank" title=""We Fight for Democracy" photo" rel="noreferrer noopener">"We Fight for Democracy"</a> for a portrait of Uncle Sam, Columbia and Democracy who holds a ballot box.</span>
Equal Suffrage League of Virginia
Photograph: M 9 Box 239 f242, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries<br /><br />Article: <em>Woman Citizen</em>, April 20, 1918, <a href="http://search.library.vcu.edu/VCU:all_scope:VCU_ALMA21463133110001101" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Special Collections and Archives</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Photo: 1918 March 23
Article: 1918 April 20
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/%20" target="_blank" title="rights statement" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/woman-suffrage/national-woman-suffrage-association/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Woman Suffrage Association</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/woman-suffrage/woman-suffrage-movement/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Women's Suffrage: The Movement</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br />20,000 people march here in Thrift Parade. <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1918-03-24/ed-1/seq-1/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond Times-Dispatch, March 24, 1918</a>, p. 1, 8. Chronicling America. Library of Congress<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/166" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Woman Citizen</em>, April 20, 1920</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=War+Savings+Stamps" target="_blank" title="War Savings Stamps" rel="noreferrer noopener">War Savings Stamps</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Embroidery Class, Seventeenth Street Mission, Richmond, VA
Photograph of girls and young women from an embroidery class taught at the Seventeenth Street Mission, Richmond, VA.<br /><br />Caption on card: "An embroidery class taught by wife of a Pres[byterian] minister. All have recited C.Cat[echism] 145 q[uestions]. except 2 mk'd X - 75 q[uestions].<br /><br /><span>In 1911, students from Union Theological Seminary in Virginia (Later, Union Presbyterian Seminary) started an urban ministry outreach program in the most impoverished neighborhood of Richmond, VA. The Seventeenth Street Mission functioned as a settlement house, offering laundry facilities and showers, meals, a clothing closet, classes in sewing, carpentry and other skills. </span><br /><br /><span>The Sunday School program focused on the memorization of Bible verses, catechisms and the Lord's Prayer. In 1914, students from the General Assembly's Training School (later, the Presbyterian School of Christian Education) joined in as teachers and volunteers, and the effort became largely staffed by women.</span>
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Seventeenth+Street+Mission&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Seventeenth Street Mission Collection</a><span>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
c. 1914
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Bethany Home for Friendless Children, Chesterfield, VA
Lucy and J. R. F. Burroughs founded the Bethany Home for Friendless Children in 1894. The childless couple established the orphanage on their 165-acre farm, located near Bon Air in Chesterfield County. <br /><br />Incorporated in 1898, Bethany Home had no endowment and operated completely through donations. Bethany Home closed in the 1940s.
Cook, Huestis P., photographer
Cook Collection, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1914 June 10
The Valentine
<span>Non-commercial use only.<br />This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available.<br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a></span>
<div>Learn more:</div>
<div><a href="https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/exhibit/wQxaWRIE" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach</a>, The Valentine </div>
Nurse Lucille Meador at Beth Sholom Home of Virginia
Nurse Lucille Meador walks through the snow wearing snowshoes at the Beth Sholom Home of Virginia, 5729 Fitzhugh Avenue, Henrico County, Virginia <br /><br />The Beth Sholom Home of Virginia opened in 1945 as Virginia’s first Jewish nursing home. Originally located in the Fan District, the home moved to Fitzhugh Avenue in 1958 before relocating to Henrico’s Short Pump. During the 2000s, the home expanded its services to include a rehabilitation clinic and Beth Sholom Garden, Virginia’s first Jewish assisted living facility.
Pennell, Don, photographer
Richmond Times-Dispatch Collection, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1966 January 30
The Valentine
<span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<div>Learn more:</div>
<div><a href="https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/exhibit/wQxaWRIE" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach</a>, The Valentine </div>
Young boy, Seventeenth Street Mission, Richmond, VA
Photograph of young African American boy in winter coat and cap standing outside the Seventeenth Street Mission in Richmond, VA. What appears to be snow is visible on the ground.<br /><br />Note on back: <br />"2/23/14 <br />17th St Mission <br />Richmond Va."<br /><br />Round stamp on back: <br />"Printed by Photo Dept.<br />G.L. Hall Optical Co.<br />??<br />Richmond,<br />VA"<br /><br />At one time, <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iTwxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA950&lpg=PA950&dq=g+l+hall+optical+co+richmond+va&source=bl&ots=9BhIj1eWtK&sig=PmsAT15C7QyFFPSI-eukepWK69Y&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwio9-72itrWAhXI7CYKHSYZAgwQ6AEIPjAF#v=onepage&q=950&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">G. L. Hall Optical Co.</a> was located at 211 East Broad Street in Richmond.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Seventeenth+Street+Mission&rw=12" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Seventeenth Street Mission Collection</a><span>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1914 February 23
<span>Union Presbyterian Seminary Library</span>
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Annie Holland, Age 17, Seventeenth Street Mission, Richmond, VA
Photograph on postcard of a young African American woman named Annie Holland, standing in front of the Seventeenth Street Mission in Richmond, VA. Se wears a long dress with a jacket. Her hands are clasped behind her back. <br /><br />Notes on the front of the card give her age as 17 and note her many accomplishments in a single year of study. They read:<br /><br />"17th St. Mission Richmond, Va.<br />Annie Holland Age - 17.<br />Has recited twice, perfectly, wk. apart.<br />C[hild's] Cat[echism] 145 q[uestions]<br />Sh[orter] Cat[echism] 25 q[uestions]<br />Lords Prayer<br />Beatitudes<br />A[postles] Creed<br />10 Com[mandments]<br />Is 53<br />I Cor 13<br />Eccl 12<br />Matt 5.6.7<br />Ps 1, 15, 19, 23<br />91, 100, 121<br />----------------<br />All within<br /><span style="text-decoration:underline;">12 months"</span>
unknown
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Seventeenth+Street+Mission" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Seventeenth Street Mission Collection</a><span>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
ca. 1914
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Children learning about corn, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Josephine Newbury teaching children about corn and other plants at the Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va. <br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.<br /><br />The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a>, <span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span><span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br />This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).<br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
A visitor teaches children about her home in India, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
A woman in traditional Indian clothing teaches children about her home in India. She points to a globe as children gather around her and look on. <br /><br /><span>Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</span><br /><br /><span>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</span>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Boys using carpentry tools, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
<p>Three young boys stand around a sawhorse using hammer and saw at the Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, VA.<br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</p>
<p>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</p>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Children play in a pretend grocery store, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Four children are shown playing in a pretend grocery store. One boy uses a play phone and writes a message; a girl retrieves items from the shelves; another girl pretends to check out while a boy uses a toy cash register to ring up the sale. <br /><br />The Newbury Center was fully accredited by the Virginia State Department of Education as a kindergarten and as a training venue for teacher certification. Summer training workshops were attended by students from 13 Virginia universities. Education majors from VCU and VUU could do their student teaching there. Nurses in training in pediatrics at Richmond Memorial, MCV and Johnston-Willis hospitals came to fulfill their requirements in education and socialization of the young child. <br /><br />The building included a mirrored glass panel running the full length of one wall in the main classroom, behind which up to 20 visitors could observe the children and their teachers. The observation room was soundproofed and air-conditioned. A microphone and speaker system made it possible to listen to the activities in the classroom. This facility was considered very advanced for its time; it was modeled after the teacher training lab at the University of Maryland. <br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. <br /><br />The photographs in this series present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Children painting, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Two children wearing paint smocks to protect their clothing, paint pictures at easels. <br /><br /><p>Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</p>
<p>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</p>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&rw=24" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Richmond Male Orphan Society, Richmond, Va.
Boys standing outside the Richmond Male Orphan Society at Amelia and Meadow Streets, Richmond, Va. <br /><br />The Richmond Male Orphan Society began in 1846 when the director of the Female Humane Association was approached by a homeless boy begging for coins. Recognizing the city’s need for a boy’s home, concerned residents formed the Richmond Male Orphan Society in Church Hill. It made various moves and is now located in western Henrico County. <br /><br />The organization’s name has evolved over time to the Richmond Home for Boys and then the Virginia Home for Boys. When it began to house girls in 2004, it was renamed the Virginia Home for Boys and Girls. Among its services are foster care, alternative education, independent living services and psychiatric and medical care. <br />
Cook, Huestis P., likely
Cook Collection, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
c. 1890
The Valentine
This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available.<br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
<div>Learn more:</div>
<div><a href="https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/exhibit/wQxaWRIE" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach</a>, The Valentine </div>
Female Humane Society, Richmond, Virginia
The Memorial Foundation for Children’s story began in 1805, when a homeless girl supposedly presented herself at the door of Jean Moncure Wood, wife of Governor James E. Wood. Realizing that the city lacked a shelter for needy girls, Mrs. Wood worked to establish the Female Humane Association in 1807.<br /><br />The Association was incorporated in 1811 and built its first shelter on the corner of St. John's and Charity streets in Richmond. It was later called the Memorial Home for Girls (1921), the Memorial Foundation (1946), and then the Memorial Foundation for Children (1962). Throughout its history, the organization has provided shelter to homeless children, guidance and psychological services, and daycare. In 1972, the foundation shifted from direct care to giving financial assistance to other local charities.
Scott, Mary Wingfield (photographer)
<a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
c. 1940
The Valentine
<span>This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available.<br /></span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101066382613;view=2up;seq=4" target="_blank" title="Constitution and By-Laws of the Female Humane Association" rel="noreferrer noopener">Constitution and By-Laws of the Female Humane Association of the City of Richmond</a>, Adopted April 1, 1833. HathiTrust.org <br /><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi01262.xml" target="_blank" title="Memorial Foundation for Children (finding aid)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Memorial Foundation for Children</a>. Records, 1811-2006, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia (finding aid) <br />"<a href="https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=RE18430602.1.3&srpos=16&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-female+humane+association+1843------" target="_blank" title="The Noble Asylum" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Noble Asylum</a>" Richmond Enquirer, Volume 40, Number 7, 2 June 1843 (p. 3 col. 2). Virginia Chronicle.
Virginia Home for Incurables, W. Broad and Robinson streets, Richmond, Virginia
In 1894, Mary Tinsley Greenhow, who as a teenager was paralyzed during a horse riding accident, founded the Virginia Home for Incurables. Disabled Richmonders needing life-long care lived at the home near Capitol Square. <br /><br />In 1898, the home moved to W. Broad and Robinson streets, across from the future site of the Science Museum of Virginia. It moved to its present location on Hampton Street in Byrd Park in 1930. The name shortened to The Virginia Home in 1963. <br /><br />Today, Virginia residents at least 18 years of age with an irreversible physical disability can apply for residence. The Virginia Home provides nursing and medical care, therapy, counseling services, job and recreational opportunities to its residents.
Cook, Huestis P. (likely photographer)
Cook Collection, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine,</a>
c. 1900
The Valentine
<span>This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/labor/passaic-textile-strike-1926-2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Passaic Textile Strike, 1926</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/labor/passaic-textile-strike-1926-film/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Passaic Textile Strike (1926) - film</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=labor" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Labor</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Southern Christian Leadership Conference Newsletter, (Vol. 1, No. 12), September 1963
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) newsletter published weeks after the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The newsletter reports on the March and also reports on the upcoming 7th Annual conference to take place at Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, September 24 - 27, 1963. As president of the SCLC, Martin Luther King, Jr. attended the conference and spoke on the final evening.<br />
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=MARCH+ON+WASHI0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" title="March on Washington 1963 Digital Collection" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">March on Washington 1963</a><span>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1963 September
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
Copyright Southern Christian Leadership Conference.<br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><span>Hansan, John E., </span><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-on-washington-august-28-1963/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">March on Washington, D.C. for Jobs and Freedom August 28, 1963</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-1963-film/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The March (1963) [film]</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/248" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom</a><span> [publicity flyer], Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Friends Asylum for Colored Orphans, St. Paul and Charity streets, Richmond, Virginia
<a href="https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/brooks-lucy-goode-1818-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lucy Goode Brooks</a> (1818–1900) and members of the Ladies Sewing Circle for Charitable Work established the Friends Asylum for Colored Orphans in 1871. These formerly enslaved women enlisted the support of the Cedar Creek Meeting Society of Friends (Quakers) to found a home for orphaned and abandoned African-American children. Brooks’s activism came from her experience losing one of her children, who was sold before the Civil War. <br /><br />The Friends Asylum opened an orphanage at St. Paul and Charity streets in Jackson Ward. Today, the organization is known as FRIENDS Association for Children. It provides childcare, enrichment programs, support and educational services to low-income families.
Gray, W. Palmer, photographer
<a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
c. 1920
The Valentine
<span>This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://edu.lva.virginia.gov/online_classroom/union_or_secession/people/lucy_brooks" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Louise Goode Brooks (1818 - 1900)</a>, John T. Kneebone, <span>The Library of Virginia.<br /><a href="https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/exhibit/wQxaWRIE" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach</a><span>, The Valentine <br /></span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tpBCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA454#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" title="Acts of Assembly, 1871-72" rel="noreferrer noopener">Acts and Joint Resolutions Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Virginia</a> at its Session of 1871-'72, Chap. 362, p.454. <br /><a href="http://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/exhibits/show/remaking-virginia/item/524" target="_blank" title="Charter and By-laws" rel="noreferrer noopener">Charter and By-laws of the Friends' Asylum for Colored Orphans, in the City of Richmond, Va.</a> <em>Remaking Virginia: Transformation Through Emancipation,</em> Library of Virginia.<br /></span>
The Stormtrooper Magazine [American Nazi Party publication]
From inside front cover: <br /><br />"<em>The Stormtrooper</em> magazine is the official news magazine of the American Nazi Party published quarterly...John Patler, Editor"<br /><br />Last two pages and back cover list "Nazi Literature and Other Items For Sale" that include booklets, photographs of George Lincoln Rockwell, Adolph Hitler and Joseph McCarthy, leaflets, arm bands, lapel pins, recordings, stickers, and copies of "The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion," an antisemitic forgery purporting to describe a Jewish plan for global domination. <br /><br />An article on pages 23 - 24 reports on George Lincoln Rockwell's campaign for Governor of Virginia. In 1965, <span>Mills E. Godwin, Jr. won the governorship with 296,526 of the </span><span>562,789 votes cast. Rockwell received <span>5,730 votes, coming in fourth behind Godwin, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. and William J. Story Jr.</span></span><br /><br /><span>In 1967, Patler was expelled from the ANP after disagreeing with founder George Lincoln Rockwell. On August 25, 1967, Patler shot and killed Rockwell at an Arlington, Va. shopping center.<br /><br />Selected pages include a cartoon by Patler, "Lessons in Free Speech" which shows a long-haired "liberal" and a Jew (wearing a Star of David) discussing free speech and the Constitution while protesting a speech by George Lincoln Rockwell. <br /><br />A notice on page 12 describes how the editor of <em>The Stormtrooper, </em>John Patler<em>, </em>was found not guilty on a charge of disorderly conduct for picketing in front of the White House. </span>
<a href="https://vcu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01VCU_INST/hj7ovl/alma99128076860001101" title="Call number: JK 2391 .N3S75 1965 Summer" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples Collection</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Summer 1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="The%20copyright%20and%20related%20rights%20status%20of%20this%20Item%20has%20been%20reviewed%20by%20the%20organization%20that%20has%20made%20the%20Item%20available,%20but%20the%20organization%20was%20unable%20to%20make%20a%20conclusive%20determination%20as%20to%20the%20copyright%20status%20of%20the%20Item.%20Please%20refer%20to%20the%20organization%20that%20has%20made%20the%20Item%20available%20for%20more%20information.%20You%20are%20free%20to%20use%20this%20Item%20in%20any%20way%20that%20is%20permitted%20by%20the%20copyright%20and%20related%20rights%20legislation%20that%20applies%20to%20your%20use.%20%20http%3A//rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/" title="The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017).<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
What Rockwell Will Do As Governor [Rockwell for Governor Campaign leaflet]
Two-sided campaign leaflet for George Lincoln Rockwell's 1965 gubernatorial campaign. One side appears to originate from Rockwell's organization, the American Nazi Party, and includes an advertisement for Hatenanny Records.<br /><br />The reverse contains a statement of belief from the Virginia Office of the United Klans of America, Chesapeake, Va.<br /><br />Rockwell's campaign platform promotes white schools, stopping federal bribery and extortion, law and order in Virginia, taxes and welfare, anti-subversive commission, and relocation benefits. His campaign values are supported by those of the Ku Klux Klan, which are enumerated in the pamplet, as well. <br /><br />The Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866 by former Confederate soliders who sought to continue to intimidate and commit acts of violence against black Americans. Klan support and action surged in the 1920s, when they further adopted anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic, and anti-Semitic agendas. Likewise, there was another revival in the 1940s-1960s in response to the Civil Rights movement, school desegreation, and the pressure to end Jim Crow laws throughout the south. <br /><br />To maintain and garner support, the Klan associated themselves with Christianity, even using a burning cross to represent white Protestant identity.<br /><br />Mills E. Godwin, Jr. won the governorship with 296,526 of the <span>562,789 votes cast. Rockwell received <span>5,730 votes, coming in fourth behind Godwin, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. and William J. Story Jr.</span></span>
Virginia Office, United Klans of America, Inc.
M 342 Box 13, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Be A Man Join the Klan [United Klans of America recruiting poster]
Recruiting poster produced by the Virginia office of the United Klans of America.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a> digital collection, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
<span>Union Presbyterian Seminary Library</span>
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Ku Klux Klan Parade in Richmond, Va.,
<span>Wearing white robes and hoods, members of the Ku Klux Klan, a right-wing extremist organization, parade on Grace Street in Richmond circa 1925. This photograph was taken at the intersection of Grace and Fifth streets, just a few blocks from the Virginia State Capitol.</span>
<a href="https://www.dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studio</a>, Richmond
<a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
c. 1925
The Valentine
<span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a><span>, Encyclopedia Virginia</span><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a><span>, VCU Libraries </span><br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Klan members wave, Ku Klux Klan parade, Richmond, Va., July 1967
Black and white photograph showing a woman wearing a Ku Klux Klan robe and hood and a man wearing a military-style Klan outfit; the pair wave while riding in back of a vehicle in downtown Richmond, Va. <br /><br />Taken during a parade on Broad Street in support of the Klan and possibily to drum up attendance for an upcoming rally to be held by the United Klans of America in eastern Henrico County, Va.
V.2017.83.161, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1967 July
The Valentine
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Students sing outside Beulah AME Church Parsonage, Farmville, Va., August 1963
Students sing outside Beulah AME Church Parsonage, Farmville, Va., August 1963, in protest of the closing of Prince Edward County Schools. Woman singing at left is Ernestine Land. Tony Reid stands at right.
<a href="http://dig.library.vcu.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/far" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Farmville 1963 Civil Rights Protests</a><span>, VCU Libraries Digital Collections</span>
<span>Digital Collections, VCU Libraries</span>
<span>This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.</span>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.library.vcu.edu/about/special-collections/exhibits/freedom-now/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VCU Libraries Freedom Now Project</a> <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Massive_Resistance" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Massive Resistance</a>, <em>Encyclopedia Virginia <br /></em><a href="https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/hist_pubs/3/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Program of Action: The Rev. L. Francis Griffin and the Struggle for Racial Equality in Farmville, 1963</a>, VCU Libraries Scholars Compass.
Anti-Busing Motorcade in Washington, D.C., February 1972
Black and white photograph of a Richmond-based anti-busing motorcade passing through Washington, D.C. on 2nd Street behind the U.S. Supreme Court building. A policeman walks beside two cars.<br /><br /><span>On February 17, 1972, nearly 3,300 cars traveled in a motorcade from Richmond, Virginia to Washington, DC. Despite snow, the protesters made a symbolic journey to Capitol Hill to voice their opposition to Judge Robert Merihge's ruling (</span><em>Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond, Virginia) </em><span>that public schools</span><span> in Richmond, Henrico County, and Chesterfield County must be consolidated. At that time, Richmond public schools were 70 per cent black while those of the two counties were about 90 per cent white.<br /><br />Cars in the motorcade carried red and white signs reading “Help Save Freedom” and imprinted with a picture of a little red schoolhouse. </span>
Richmond Newspapers, Inc.
P.74.11.18m, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1972 February 17
The Valentine
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Learn more: <br /><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/18/archives/3300-autos-driven-to-capital-in-protest-3300-cars-in-the-capital.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">3,300 Autos Driven To Capital in Protest</a><span>, </span><em>The New York Times</em><span>, February 18, 1972.<br /></span><br /><span>Pratt, Robert A. </span><em><em>The Color of Their Skin: Education and Race in Richmond, Virginia, 1954-89. <br /><br /><a href="http://lawreview.richmond.edu/2017/09/28/the-conscience-of-virginia-judge-robert-r-merhige-jr-and-the-politics-of-school-desegregation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Conscience of Virginia: Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and the Politics of School Desegregation</a> <br /></em></em><br /><a href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/338/67/2182321/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond, Virginia, 338 F. Supp. 67 (E.D. Va. 1972) </a> <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=busing" target="_blank" title="materials related to school busing" rel="noreferrer noopener">Busing</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal