Imperial Palace, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Atlanta, GA [postcard]
Postcard showing Imperial Palace, Stone Mountain, GA surrounded by seven Klansmen brandishing torches, mounted on horseback. A portrait of William Joseph Simmons, founder and leader of the second Ku Klux Klan, appears at upper right corner. <br /><br />Portrait caption: "Col. W. J. Simmons, Founder and Imperial Wizard."<br /><br />Text: <br />"Imperial Palace, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Atlanta, GA. <br /><br />Stone Mountain, Largest Solid Stone in the World, one mile from Base to Summit. On its highest pinnacle the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Oranized at Midnight, Nov. 25th, 1915."<br /><br />On reverse: "Published by a Klansman"<br />
<div style="text-align:center;">---</div>
<br />The birth of the <a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" title="Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915 - 1940" rel="noreferrer noopener">second Ku Klux Klan</a> was partly inspired by D. W. Griffith's 1915 film, <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Birth+of+a+Nation" target="_blank" title="materials related to the film's re-release as a "talkie"" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>The Birth of a Nation</em></a>.<br /><br />The face of Stone Mountain became the site of the Confederate Memorial Carving, the largest bas-relief sculpture in the world. This bas-relief depicts the three Confederate leaders of the Civil War: President Jefferson Davis and Generals Robert E. Lee and Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson. The sculptor was Gutzon Borglum, whose next major project was Mount Rushmore. <br /><br />In his <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/250" target="_blank" title="SCLC Newsletter" rel="noreferrer noopener">"I Have A Dream" speech</a> (28 August 1963), <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Martin+Luther+King+Jr." target="_blank" title="Items related to MLK, Jr." rel="noreferrer noopener">Martin Luther King, Jr.</a> invoked the imagery of "My Country 'Tis of Thee" saying, <br />
<blockquote>Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.<br />Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.<br />Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.<br />From every mountainside, let freedom ring. <br /><br /></blockquote>
M 172 Box 1, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_384.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Calvin T. Lucy papers</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/" target="_blank" title="RightsStatements.org" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" title="Discovery Set: Backlash to Reform" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Martin+Luther+King+Jr." target="_blank" title="materials related to Martin Luther King, Jr." rel="noreferrer noopener">Martin Luther King, Jr.</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Ku+Klux+Klan" target="_blank" title="materials related to the KKK" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/learn" target="_blank" title="Learn about the spread of the second KKK" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries <br /><br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_World_Expos%C3%A9_of_the_Ku_Klux_Klan" target="_blank" title="Wikipedia entry" rel="noreferrer noopener">New York World Expose of the Ku Klux Klan</a>, Wikipedia <br /><br /><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/pages/results/?date1=1921&index=1&date2=1921&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=New+York&rows=20&proxtext=Ku+Klux+Klan&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1&sort=relevance" target="_blank" title="search historic newspapers from 1921" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan, New York 1921</a>. Chronicling America. Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=white+supremacy" target="_blank" title="materials related to white supremacy" rel="noreferrer noopener">White supremacy</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Social Justice, February 13, 1939
Front and back covers of <em>Social Justice, </em>February 13, 1939. <br /><br /><em> Social Justice</em> was a national weekly periodical published by Father Charles Coughlin during the late 1930s and early 1940s<em>. </em>Couglin was a Canadian-American Roman Catholic priest based near Detroit, Michigan. Coughlin hosted a weekly radio show that reached an estimated 30 million listeners. <br /><br /><em>Social Justice</em> was controversial for publishing anti-Semitic polemics. Eventually, the periodical's mailing permit was revoked and Father Coughlin's radio show was forced off the air. <br /><br />Excerpts:<br /><br />Front cover: "Make Your Choices" <br />[Image Description: A man stands stroking his beard as he contemplates two statues, one of Abraham Lincoln and the other of Lenin.] <br /><br />"Today, this nation makes a mental pilgrimage to Springfield, Illinois, there to pay memorial tribute at the tomb of Abraham Lincoln. <br />The rough, honest frontiersman lawyer who became a wartime President of the United States, has become a symbol of the Typical American. He is the Poor Man's President, the Great Emancipator, the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, and a martyr because he opposed dis-union and the international bankers. <br /><br />Across the world, another tomb--that of Lenin in the Red Square of Moscow--is also a center of pilgrimage and the symbol of internationalism. <br /><br />Disciples of Lenin and followers of Lincoln are today in conflice in this country. And no American can be a 'neutral.' <br /><br />Which hero, Lenin or Lincoln? On which side are YOU--Americanism or Communism?"<br /><br />Back cover: "The 'Smut' Vendor"<br />[Image Description: A man stands before a newsstand, smoking a cigarette and holding out a salacious magazine to the viewer. Behind him the shelves are filled with periodicals with titles such as "Smut," "Scandal," "Slime," "Passion," and "Scum."] <br /><br />"Our Man of the Week is a merchandiser of sensation, of propaganda disguised as entertainment, and of outright subversion of morality. <br /><br />The artist has sought to catch the evil spirit of his menace. Readers of <em>Social Justice</em> were introduced last week to the 'Mystical Body of Satan'--on the racks of any modern newstand on may survey his work.<br /><br />Confident that America is a 'Christian' country, we have permitted to thrive and prosper off our indifference, a progressively flagrant affronting of common decency, to say nothing of Christian morals. <br /><br />Encouraged by our tolerance, the Smut Vendors have grown bolder: from off-color joke illustrated by daring cartoons, the magazines have retrograded rapidly into deliberate filth. Feminine nudity and bad taste in 'candid camera reporting' is a commonplace for the nation's children. <br /><br />The remedy is in YOUR hands. Tell your newsstand dealer what magazines offend and why. Tell the advertisers who support these magazines why you think their editorial contents ought not to be supported.<br /><br />A Legion of Decency some years ago cleaned up Hollywood's rotten films; let's clean up the newsstands!"
<a href="https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=VCU_ALMA21477225230001101&context=L&vid=VCUL&search_scope=all_scope&tab=all&lang=en_US" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="library catalog record">Special Collections and Archives</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1939 February 13
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED <br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/great-depression/coughlin-father-charles/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Father Charles Coughlin">Father Charles Coughlin</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://www.lib.cua.edu/wordpress/newsevents/tag/fr-charles-coughlin/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="The Archivist's Nook article">“We are all Spiritual Semites” – American Catholics Condemn Kristallnacht</a>, The Archivist's Nook, The Catholic University of America <br /><br />Annotate the item description on this page, or a <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/3538208f64a14685f08b75f89818a8c4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="PDF of this material">PDF of this material</a> with <a href="https://web.hypothes.is/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="What is hypothes.is? How do I start?">hypothes.is</a>
The Leader of the Mob: "Lynch Her! Lynch Her!" [editorial cartoon by Oscar Cesare]
Editorial cartoon by Oscar Cesare originally published in the New York <em>Sun.</em> Republished here in <em>Cartoons Magazine, </em>vol. 3, no. 1 (January 1913), p. 15. <br /><br />Coleman Livingston Blease was governor of South Carolina from 1911 - 1915. He was notorious for being pro-lynching and against education for African Americans. Blease was a protégé of white supremacist Benjamin Ryan Tillman.<br /><br />A figure of Blind Justice stands alone as Governor Blease of South Carolina leads an angry mob to attack her. The mob carries pitchforks, sticks, and stones. Blease holds a rope as he looks back to urge them on. <br />Caption: "The Leader of the Mob: 'Lynch Her! Lynch Her!'"
Cesare, Oscar Edward
<a href="https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=VCU_ALMA21361748570001101&context=L&vid=VCUL&search_scope=all_scope&tab=all&lang=en_US" target="_blank" title="Cartoons Magazine" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Cartoons Magazine</em></a><span>, vol. 3, no. 1 (January 1913), p. 15. Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries</span>
1913 January
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=lynching" target="_blank" title="materials related to lynching and anti-lynching efforts" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lynching</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/" target="_blank" title="Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation</a>, Social Welfare History Project <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=cartoon">Editorial cartoons</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><br /><span>Stanley-Becker, I. (2019) <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/06/27/julian-castro-beto-orourke-section-immigration-illegal-coleman-livingstone-blease/?utm_term=.8bfe1118a0af" target="_blank" title="Section 1325, Title 8 of U.S. Code and Coleman Blease" rel="noreferrer noopener">Who’s behind the law making immigration a crime? This ‘unrepentant white supremacist.'</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (June 27, 2019).</span><br /><br />Annotate a <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/8a8ae9157aec5c64f7b1f315f0241180.pdf" target="_blank" title="PDF of this image" rel="noreferrer noopener">PDF of this image</a> using <a href="https://web.hypothes.is/" target="_blank" title="Get started with hypothes.is web annotation" rel="noreferrer noopener">hypothes.is</a>
The Rockwell Report, May 1965 [American Nazi Party]
<span>Official monthly publication of the American Nazi Party, an organization founded by George Lincoln Rockwell in March 1959.<br /><br /></span><span>Cover title for this issue, "The Real Story: Left vs. Right." Slogan on cover: "White People! Unite & Fight!" <br /><br />Article by George Lincoln Rockwell entitled, "Our 'Fascist' Founding Fathers" argues that the American Nazi Party represents a GOLDEN MEAN between the Tyranny of Total Order on the Right and the Anarchy of Total Freedom on the Left.<br /><br />Rockwell rails against "Rabbit" Welch (Robert W. Welch, Jr.), the founder of the John Birch Society. (Welch promoted conspiracy theories, including the notion that President Dwight D. Eisenhower was secretly a Communist.) Rockwell is incensed that Welch has equated Communism and Nazism. <br /><br />p.7 "If the Founding Fathers were to come to life today, they would NOT BE BIRCHERS....had the Founding Fathers lived today, they would have been 'NAZIS', as the Jews call anyone who sticks up for the White Christain eople and Constitutional Government."<br /><br /></span>
<a>M 342, Box 24, </a><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a><span>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library</span>
1965 May
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span><br /><span>Miller, M.E. (2017). <br /></span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
"The Communist Black Revolution Can and Will Be Smashed in Virginia!" [George Lincoln Rockwell campaign flyer]
Multi-page flyer outlining the reasons why white Democrats and Republicans of the Commonwealth of Virginia should unite and vote for White Constitutional Candidate, George Lincoln Rockwell. Rockwell, the founder and head of the American Nazi Party, was well known for his white supremacist views and his knack for political theater. <br /><br />Rockwell argued that blacks would vote as a block, and that whites should do the same. <br /><br />In 1965, <span>Mills E. Godwin, Jr. won the governorship with 296,526 of the </span><span>562,789 votes cast. Rockwell received <span>5,730 votes, coming in fourth behind Godwin, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. and William J. Story Jr.<br /><br />p. 3 "American liberty ORIGINATED in Virginia. We believe it will be SAVED in this state. We believe Virginia will be the first state in which Whites will have the intelligence and grit to ake a stand as WHITE MEN, instead of 'Democrats', 'Republicans', Catholics, Prtestants, rich men, poor men, labor, or anything else except WHITE MEN!<br /><br />When black men are voting by race and destroying the liberty and traditions of White Men, it is not 'hate' or 'bigotry' to urge White Men to vote by race in self defense....<br /><br />White Christian Americans came to the American wilderness and turned it into a garden of civilization. Whtie, Christian Americans fought for, founded and built Virginia with their blood, sweat and tears. Although the White Man brought the black man here as a slave, he gave that black man infinitely more than he took from him in the way of labor. He gave him a religion, he gave him a higher standard of living than that of the black man's cannibal relatives in Africa and he gave him a paternal care and love unknown in the black man's Africa, where the blacks sold their sons and daughters insto slavery and ate their brothers."<br /><br />p.4 "For years, many of us were puzzled by his 'Nazism' approach.<br />Then we learned that he started out as a 'conservative' with Joe McCarthy, but got disgusted with the way Conservatives and White Men were completely blacked out of the press, TV, etc. or smeared and blasted as 'bigots' and fascists'.<br />Rockwell decided that he had to find some way of smashing his way into a hostile press so that he could at least REACH the people, and he knew he would be smeared as a 'Nazi' for standing up as a White Man. He concluded that the way to get the publicity we needed and knock the enemy's weapon of smear from his hand at the same time was to CALL himself a 'Nazi' and throw the smear right back in the faces of the liberal race-mixers.<br />And it worked! Rockwell has made his name and his all-out opposition to communism and race-mixing known all over the world!"<br /><br />p.6 "'WELFARE' REFORM<br />We believe society has no duty to support those who refuse to work, when able, nor to support the hordes of parasites who abuse welfare generosity. Therefore we advocate a strong law cutting off all welfare to those who refuse appropriate paying employment, and the sterilization of all women who have had two illegitimate children, as a pre-condition to their receiving futher welfare payments."<br /><br />p.7 "ANTI-COMMUNIST COMMISSION<br />We believe that Communism is not just an idea but that it is a criminal conspiracy, and that it is impossible for the average citizen to keep up with with [sic] the brilliant disguises and tricks of the communist criminals. The records prove that hundreds of communists have fooled their friends and even their families for years. Only professional investigators are capable of discovering and exposing these termites in our midst. Therefore, it is the determination of the White, Constitutional Party of Virginia to use every facility of the State Government, if elected, to ferret out communists and the army of their sympathizers and fellow conspirators, and, in so far as possible, prosecute them as criminals. Those who cannot be convicted, will be exposed thoroughly by every means at the disposal of the State."<br /><br /></span></span>
Rockwell for Governor Campaign
<a>M 342, Box 13,</a><span> </span><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a><span>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library</span>
1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more:<a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><br />George Lincoln Rockwell</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span><br /><span>Miller, M.E. (2017). </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Ku Klux Klan Rally, Henrico County, Virginia
Black and white photograph showing a Ku Klux Klan rally held near Darbytown Road in eastern Henrico County, Va. The rally, sponsored by the United Klans of America - Realm of Virginia, was held on July 4, 1967. The photograph shows a line of white robed figures walking out of the woods and processing towards the rally. Possibly a police surveillance photograph.
V.2017.83.159, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1967 July 4
The Valentine
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a><span>, Encyclopedia Virginia</span><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a><span>, VCU Libraries </span><br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Ku Klux Klan Parade, Richmond, Va., 1967
Black and white photograph showing a man wearing a military-style Ku Klux Klan outfit with Klan symbol on sleeve. The man was participating in a parade on Broad Street in Richmond, Va., in support of the Klan and possibly to drum up attendance at an upcoming rally to be held by the United Klans of america in eastern Henrico County, Va. This may be a police surveillance photograph.
V.2017.83.164, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1967 July
The Valentine
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a><span>, Encyclopedia Virginia</span><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a><span>, VCU Libraries </span><br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Invisible Empire, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan [calling card]
Calling card of the Ku Klux Klan. Text reads, "Invisible Empire / Knights of the Ku Klux Klan / YOU HAVE BEEN PATRONIZED BY THE KKK / For Free Information Write / P. O. Box 700 Shelton, CT 06484"<br /><br />Also printed on the card is a black and white cross within a red circle. The cross has a red drop-like shape at its center. This is a symbol that originated with the "Second Ku Klux Klan" of the early 1900s. The cross-like shape is formed by <span>four letter "K" images arranged in a square facing outwards. In the center is a yin-yang symbol. <br /><br />Eventually, the four letters were re-oriented to a more vertical position, causing the symbol to look like a cross instead. At the same time, the white part of the yin-yang symbol disappeared, leaving only the colored part, which resembled a drop of blood. </span><br />Today, this symbol is known as the MIOAK (an acronym for "Mystic Insignia of a Klansman") or, more commonly, the Blood Drop Cross (See ADL, <a href="https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/blood-drop-cross" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Hate Symbols Database</a>).<br /><br />Verso of this card has information about the mission of the Ku Klux Klan.
I.V.90.220.02, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The Valentine</a>
The Valentine
The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a><span>, Encyclopedia Virginia</span><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a><span>, VCU Libraries </span><br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library </span><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Klan members wave, Ku Klux Klan parade, Richmond, Va., July 1967
Black and white photograph showing a woman wearing a Ku Klux Klan robe and hood and a man wearing a military-style Klan outfit; the pair wave while riding in back of a vehicle in downtown Richmond, Va. <br /><br />Taken during a parade on Broad Street in support of the Klan and possibily to drum up attendance for an upcoming rally to be held by the United Klans of America in eastern Henrico County, Va.
V.2017.83.161, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
1967 July
The Valentine
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Ku Klux Klan Parade in Richmond, Va.,
<span>Wearing white robes and hoods, members of the Ku Klux Klan, a right-wing extremist organization, parade on Grace Street in Richmond circa 1925. This photograph was taken at the intersection of Grace and Fifth streets, just a few blocks from the Virginia State Capitol.</span>
<a href="https://www.dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studio</a>, Richmond
<a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Valentine</a>
c. 1925
The Valentine
<span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a><span>, Encyclopedia Virginia</span><br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a><span>, VCU Libraries </span><br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Program of the World Union of National Socialists [American Nazi Party handbill]
Two-sided handbill setting out the beliefs and purpose of the World Union of National Socialists. Signed by Lincoln Rockwell, Commander, American Nazi Party, this document states the organization's belief that Marxism is a religion promoted by the Jews. The first side of this handbill sets out a Creed, while the reverse gives an "American Program," listing actions that will be undertaken to solve various perceived problems.<br /><br />Using hyperbolic language to appeal to readers' sense of heroism, this manifesto states,<br /><br />"The only doctrine capable of such a heroic task -- the only doctrine with the proven power to fire the minds and hearts of millions of men to fight and CONQUER Jewish Bolshevism, is <em>National Socialism</em> -- the doctrine of IDEALISM -- the SACRIFICE of the selfish, ingrown EGO for the good of one's fellows -- the stuff of all great religions....<br /><br />Therefore, we announce our purpose to be nothing less than a world-wide effort to free humanity from Jewish domination and subversion in all their forms, and the creation of the idealistic, racially realistic, socially progressive, international world ORDER which we <em>must</em> have, if we are to remain masters of our own planet.<br /><br />To this world-wide goal, we solemnly pledge our lives."
<a>M 342, Box 13,</a><span> </span><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a><span>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library</span>
<span>Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries</span>
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><span>Miller, M.E. (2017). </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Reb-Time Records, No. 1862, Oldways Pub. Co
Reb-Time Records No. 1862 by Oldways Pub. Co. <br />This 45 RPM record contains music by "The Coon Hunters." One side is titled, "We Don't Want Niggers (In Our Schools)" and the other is "Nigger, Nigger."
M 342, Box 24, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
<span>Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries</span>
The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
An Introduction to the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan [United Klans of America pamphlet]
Pamphlet outlining the beliefs and membership requirements of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (United Klans of America). This pamphlet was produced by the <span>Virginia Office, United Klans of America, in Chesapeake. It includes a statement by Robert M. Shelton, identified as Imperial Wizard.<br /><br />Excerpts:<br /><br />"The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan...is not now making and does not intend to make any fight on the Roman Catholic Church as a religious institutions, but it will unalterably and unequivocally oppose any move of the Catholic Church or of any other church, individual or organization which attempts to bring about a combination of church and state in these United States." <br /><br />"The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan is not the enemy of the negro. It opposes and will continue to oppose, the efforts of certain negro organizations and periodicals which are sowing the seeds of discontent and racial hatred among the negros of this country by preaching and teaching social equality and mongrelization of the races....we hold it is obligatory upon the negro race, and upon all othered colored races in America to recognize that they are living in the land of the white race by courtesy of the white race; and the white race cannot be expected to surrender to any other race, either in whole or in part, the control of its vital and fundamental governmental affairs." <br /><br />"No Jew can obtain citizenship in the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan....The constitution and regulations of the Order set forth that the living Christ is the Klansman's criterion of character. Therefore, it would be unjust to allow the Jew to enter into the fellowship with the Klavern by appealing to his patriotism, and then have him cease to attend because every meeting would be out of harmony with his religious convictions." <br /><br />"Be it known, that the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan was YESTERDAY, is TODAY and will FOREVER be opposed to Communism in any form and to its fellow-travelor organizations. The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan will fight to our last breath, using every means at our disposal to rid our country of this insidious plague of mankind."</span>
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a><span> digital collection, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
unknown
<span>Union Presbyterian Seminary Library</span>
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
White Power. The Newspaper of White Revolution, No. 24, February 1972 [National Socialist White Peoples Party publication]
Publication of the National Socialist White Peoples Party, formerly the American Nazi Party founded by George Lincoln Rockwell. Matt Koehl succeeded George Lincoln Rockwell as commander of the NSWPP after Rockwell was shot by John Patler.<br /><br />The cover of this 8-page newspaper declares "Busing is Genocide! Red Race-mixers Planning to Destroy White People But Whites Waking Up! Hated Buses Go Up in Smoke; Jew Mixmasters Warned: 'STOP THIS MURDER - OR YOU'LL BE NEXT TO BURN!'"<br /><br />[Image Description: Three neatly-dressed black elementary school boys stand in front of a Mecklenburg County, NC school bus as two white girls carrying books look on. One of the boys is speaking with a teacher. This photograph is surrounded by jagged white shapes and placed over a photograph of buses burning.]<br /><br />This article describes in violent racist and antisemitic language how the Aryan people of America are coming in growing numbers to the National Socialist movement under the leadership of Matt Koehl. The article continues on page 8 under the title, "Whites: Nixon Could Stop Busing."<br /><br />A second article shown here is "America: A Racial Mission" by Commander Matt Koehl (pages 4 - 5).<br /> <br />Also shown is an advertisement for a subscription to <em>White Power. </em>"SMASH...The Paper Curtain!...Read the most dynamic, idealistic, informative newspaper in the world today! Act now! Don't miss one fact-and-action-packed issue!" <br /><br />An advertisement for the soundtrack of <span>Leni Riefenstahl's 1935 German propganda film, </span><em>Triumph of the Will, </em>says, "Hold a Party rally right in your own living room!" "Also available: Luftwaffe, a stirring album of marches, songs and battle sounds of the German Air Force."
Anti-Semitism Collection, <a href="https://www.bethahabah.org/bama/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives</a>
1972 February
Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><span>Miller, M.E. (2017). </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Boating Not Busing [National Socialist White Peoples Party flyer]
Anti-busing, anti-integration, anti-government flyer created by the National Socialist White Peoples Party (previously named the American Nazi Party) of Arlington, Va.<br /><br />Using violent antisemitic and racist speech, this flyer paints a dire picture of an integrated America if white people don't "get away from the old two-party windle and get behind a REAL political party that represents THEIR interests!"<br /><br />While undated, this flyer is believed to date to around 1972 during the <a href="https://www.virginiahistory.org/collections-and-resources/virginia-history-explorer/civil-rights-movement-virginia/school-busing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">school busing</a> conflicts in Virginia.
National Socialist White Peoples Party
Anti-Semitism Collection, <a href="https://www.bethahabah.org/bama/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives</a>
1972?
Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a><br /></span>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><span>Miller, M.E. (2017). </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
Be A Man Join the Klan [United Klans of America recruiting poster]
Recruiting poster produced by the Virginia office of the United Klans of America.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a> digital collection, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
<span>Union Presbyterian Seminary Library</span>
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
What Rockwell Will Do As Governor [Rockwell for Governor Campaign leaflet]
Two-sided campaign leaflet for George Lincoln Rockwell's 1965 gubernatorial campaign. One side appears to originate from Rockwell's organization, the American Nazi Party, and includes an advertisement for Hatenanny Records.<br /><br />The reverse contains a statement of belief from the Virginia Office of the United Klans of America, Chesapeake, Va.<br /><br />Rockwell's campaign platform promotes white schools, stopping federal bribery and extortion, law and order in Virginia, taxes and welfare, anti-subversive commission, and relocation benefits. His campaign values are supported by those of the Ku Klux Klan, which are enumerated in the pamplet, as well. <br /><br />The Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866 by former Confederate soliders who sought to continue to intimidate and commit acts of violence against black Americans. Klan support and action surged in the 1920s, when they further adopted anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic, and anti-Semitic agendas. Likewise, there was another revival in the 1940s-1960s in response to the Civil Rights movement, school desegreation, and the pressure to end Jim Crow laws throughout the south. <br /><br />To maintain and garner support, the Klan associated themselves with Christianity, even using a burning cross to represent white Protestant identity.<br /><br />Mills E. Godwin, Jr. won the governorship with 296,526 of the <span>562,789 votes cast. Rockwell received <span>5,730 votes, coming in fourth behind Godwin, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. and William J. Story Jr.</span></span>
Virginia Office, United Klans of America, Inc.
M 342 Box 13, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Ku_Klux_Klan_in_Virginia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ku Klux Klan in Virginia</a>, Encyclopedia Virginia<br /><a href="https://labs.library.vcu.edu/klan/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mapping the Second Ku Klux Klan, 1915-1940</a>, VCU Libraries <br /><a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=KU+KLUX+KLAN0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ku Klux Klan and Christian Churches</a>, Union Presbyterian Seminary Library <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a><span> </span><em>The Washington Post</em><span> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
The Stormtrooper Magazine [American Nazi Party publication]
From inside front cover: <br /><br />"<em>The Stormtrooper</em> magazine is the official news magazine of the American Nazi Party published quarterly...John Patler, Editor"<br /><br />Last two pages and back cover list "Nazi Literature and Other Items For Sale" that include booklets, photographs of George Lincoln Rockwell, Adolph Hitler and Joseph McCarthy, leaflets, arm bands, lapel pins, recordings, stickers, and copies of "The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion," an antisemitic forgery purporting to describe a Jewish plan for global domination. <br /><br />An article on pages 23 - 24 reports on George Lincoln Rockwell's campaign for Governor of Virginia. In 1965, <span>Mills E. Godwin, Jr. won the governorship with 296,526 of the </span><span>562,789 votes cast. Rockwell received <span>5,730 votes, coming in fourth behind Godwin, A. Linwood Holton, Jr. and William J. Story Jr.</span></span><br /><br /><span>In 1967, Patler was expelled from the ANP after disagreeing with founder George Lincoln Rockwell. On August 25, 1967, Patler shot and killed Rockwell at an Arlington, Va. shopping center.<br /><br />Selected pages include a cartoon by Patler, "Lessons in Free Speech" which shows a long-haired "liberal" and a Jew (wearing a Star of David) discussing free speech and the Constitution while protesting a speech by George Lincoln Rockwell. <br /><br />A notice on page 12 describes how the editor of <em>The Stormtrooper, </em>John Patler<em>, </em>was found not guilty on a charge of disorderly conduct for picketing in front of the White House. </span>
<a href="https://vcu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01VCU_INST/hj7ovl/alma99128076860001101" title="Call number: JK 2391 .N3S75 1965 Summer" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples Collection</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Summer 1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="The%20copyright%20and%20related%20rights%20status%20of%20this%20Item%20has%20been%20reviewed%20by%20the%20organization%20that%20has%20made%20the%20Item%20available,%20but%20the%20organization%20was%20unable%20to%20make%20a%20conclusive%20determination%20as%20to%20the%20copyright%20status%20of%20the%20Item.%20Please%20refer%20to%20the%20organization%20that%20has%20made%20the%20Item%20available%20for%20more%20information.%20You%20are%20free%20to%20use%20this%20Item%20in%20any%20way%20that%20is%20permitted%20by%20the%20copyright%20and%20related%20rights%20legislation%20that%20applies%20to%20your%20use.%20%20http%3A//rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/" title="The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017).<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Here Comes Whiteman [American Nazi Party comic book]
White supremacist comic book created for the American Nazi Party by member John Patler. <br /><br />Born John C. Patsalos, John Patler joined the American Nazi Party in 1960 and changed his name. The ANP had its headquarters in Arlington, Va. <br /><br />In 1967 Patler was expelled from the ANP after disagreeing with founder George Lincoln Rockwell. On August 25, 1967, Patler shot and killed Rockwell at an Arlington, Va. shopping center.<br /><br />"Here Comes Whiteman" was part of the ANP's efforts to spread their ideas to a larger audience. Their promotional campaign included a variety of publications, flyers, and even 45 RPM records of white supremacist music. Supporters of the ANP were expected to read and distribute materials like this comic and The Stormtrooper Magazine. <br /><br />In this comic book, Whiteman is the secret identity of Lew Cor ("Roc Wel" spelled backwards) who makes deliveries for the Arlington Milk Co. Lew Cor speaks the secret words "Lieh Geis" ("Sieg Heil" backwards), and in a flash of lightning is transformed into Whiteman, a costumed superhero with a swastika on his chest. In this issue Whiteman fights an "interplanetary duel" with characters named "The Jew from Outer Space" and "Supercoon."
Patler, John
<a>M 342, Box 13,</a> <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
1965?
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Boat Ticket to Africa [American Nazi Party promotional material]
Two-sided handbill in the form of a mock boat ticket on one side and, on the other, an advertisement for a product to turn white liberals into black. <br /><br />A coupon gives an address where one may send away for additional copies of this "ticket" and request an introductory packet to learn more about the aims and ideals of the American Nazi Party.
Rockwell, George Lincoln
<a>M 342, Box 13,</a> <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
1965
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Hatenanny Records Advertisement [American Nazi Party handbill]
Single-sided, single page flyer advertising "Ship Those Niggers Back" a 45 RPM record released by the American Nazi Party. <br /><br />During the 1960s, George Lincoln Rockwell attempted to draw attention to the American Nazi Party (which he founded) by starting a small record label, named Hatenanny Records. The label released several 45 RPM singles, including recordings by a group credited as Odis Cochran and the Three Bigots, that were sold mostly through mail order and at party rallies. (<a href="http://www.savethevinyl.org/hatenanny-records-the-record-label-of-the-american-nazi-party.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SaveTheVinyl.org</a>) <br /><br />The name "Hatenanny" comes from the word "hootenanny" which referred to folk music gatherings. Rockwell regarded folk musicians as communist sympathizers, race-mixers, and "peace creeps." This advertising copy states "The "Hatenanny" is WHITE MANS' folk-music...."<br /><br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/261" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the record.</a>
M 342, Box 13, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/261" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hatenanny Records</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><a href="http://www.savethevinyl.org/hatenanny-records-the-record-label-of-the-american-nazi-party.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hatenanny Records. The Record Label of the American Nazi Party.</a> SaveTheVinyl.org <br /><a href="https://archive.org/details/OdisCochranTheThreeBigotsRecordSleeve" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Otis Cochran & the Three Bigots record sleeve</a>, Internet Archive <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017).<br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Hatenanny Records [American Nazi Party]
During the 1960s, George Lincoln Rockwell attempted to draw attention to the American Nazi Party (which he founded) by starting a small record label, named Hatenanny Records. The label released several 45 RPM singles, including recordings by a group credited as Odis Cochran and the Three Bigots, that were sold mostly through mail order and at party rallies. (<a href="http://www.savethevinyl.org/hatenanny-records-the-record-label-of-the-american-nazi-party.html" target="_blank" title="More information at Savethevinyl.org" rel="noreferrer noopener">SaveTheVinyl.org</a>) <br /><br />The name "Hatenanny" comes from the word "hootenanny" which referred to folk music gatherings. Rockwell regarded folk musicians as communist sympathizers, race-mixers and "peace creeps." <br /><br />Bob Dylan mentions George Lincoln Rockwell in his <a href="http://bobdylan.com/songs/talkin-john-birch-paranoid-blues/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">"Talkin' John Birch Paranoid Blues."</a><br /><br />Side 1: "Ship Those Niggers Back" credited to Odis Cochran & Guitar with "The 3 Bigots" <br />copyright 1964 By G.L Rockwell Pary, Inc. #6409191<br /><br />Side 2: "We Is Non-Violent Niggers" credited to Odis Cochran & Guitar with "The 3 Bigots" copyright 1964 By G.L Rockwell Pary, Inc. #6409192
<a>M 342, Box 24,</a> <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><span></span><a href="http://www.savethevinyl.org/hatenanny-records-the-record-label-of-the-american-nazi-party.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hatenanny Records. The Record Label of the American Nazi Party.</a> <span>SaveTheVinyl.org </span><br /><a href="https://archive.org/details/OdisCochranTheThreeBigotsRecordSleeve" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Otis Cochran & the Three Bigots record sleeve</a><span>, Internet Archive <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
The Rockwell Report, November - December, 1966 [American Nazi Party]
Official monthly publication of the American Nazi Party, an organization founded by George Lincoln Rockwell in March 1959.<br /><br />Cover title for this issue, "The Real Nature of White Backlash." Slogan on cover: "White People! Unite & Fight!" <br /><br />Advertisement on the back cover for Hatenanny Records No. 2 by G.L. Rockwell and the Coon Hunters. <br /><br />Rockwell attempted to draw attention to the ANP by starting a small record label, named Hatenanny Records. The label released several 45 RPM singles, including recordings by a group credited as Odis Cochran and the Three Bigots, that were sold mostly through mail order and at party rallies. (<a href="http://www.savethevinyl.org/hatenanny-records-the-record-label-of-the-american-nazi-party.html" title="More information at Savethevinyl.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">savethevinyl.org</a>)
<a>M 342, Box 24, </a><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/158.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. </span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/search?query=rockwell&query_type=keyword&record_types%5B%5D=Item&record_types%5B%5D=File&record_types%5B%5D=Collection&submit_search=Search" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br />Miller, M.E. (2017). <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/08/21/the-shadow-of-an-assassinated-american-nazi-commander-hangs-over-charlottesville/?utm_term=.51e2a2320be3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville.</a> <em>The Washington Post</em> (August 21, 2017). <br /><a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/hate-and-extremism/gallery" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Backlash to Reform: Hatred and Extremism</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal