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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Migrant Children and Youth
Description
An account of the resource
Sent to Congressman W. R. Poage (Texas) with a <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/316" target="_blank" title="read this letter" rel="noreferrer noopener">cover letter</a> signed by Betty Jane Whitaker of the Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers.<br /><br />This paper was written by Florence R. Wyckoff, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Families Who Follow the Crops, California Governor's Advisory Committee on Children and Youth. It was originally prepared for The National Conference on Problems of Rural Youth in a Changing Environment held in Stillwater, Oklahoma, on September 22-25, 1963. This copy was reproduced by the Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers. <br /><br />Wyckoff's paper was written to educate people about migrant workers and their status. The author discusses families of migrant workers, and why they migrate, as well as the effect of high mobility on migrant children and youth. Wyckoff's intent was to inform the politicians who may be unaware of the struggles of migrant workers, but are writing bills affecting them and their families.<br /><br />Excerpts:<br /><br />p.2 "There are many kinds of migratory workers in America, but we are mainly concerned with the agricultural migrant and his family because 'agricultural labor' is specifically exempted from much protective legislation covering other types of workers who move about, such as construction workers or lumber workers. For example, workers employed in agriculture are exempt from the Fair Labor Standards Act, Federal Wage and Hour Law. All states except Hawaii exempt them from unemployment insurance and all but California exempt them from disability insurance. Only a limited number are covered under social security. Residence requirements make it difficult for them to qualify for assistance benefits."<br /><br />p.3 "Economically, the migrant farm worker occupies the lowest level of any major group in the American economy."
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Wyckoff, Florence R.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://www.baylor.edu/lib/poage/doc.php/251040.pdf" target="_blank" title="W. R. Poage papers finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Box 241, f. 13</a>, W. R. Poage Papers, The W. R. Poage Legislative Library Political Collections, Baylor University Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1963 September
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights</a>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more:<br /><br /><span>Cosgrove, B. (2013) </span><a href="http://time.com/3722532/bitter-harvest-life-with-americas-migrant-workers-1959/" target="_blank" title="Bitter Harvest (photographs)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitter Harvest: LIFE With America's Migrant Workers, 1959</a><span>. </span><em>LIFE magazine</em><span> </span><span>Mar 10, 2013. (Previously unpublished photographs by </span><span>Michael Rougier). <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/315" target="_blank" title="Position of Farm Workers in Federal and State Legislation" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Position of Farm Workers in Federal and State Legislation,</a> Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /></span>
agriculture
child labor
children
education
farmworkers
migrants
public health
rural
Texas
Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers
youth
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Position of Farm Workers in Federal and State Legislation
Description
An account of the resource
This pamphlet, written by Robin Myers and published by the National Advisory Committee on Farm Labor, describes the rights of migrant farm workers in the late 1950s. This excerpt describes the conditions and the rights of child workers at both the state and national legislative levels. <br /><br />The National Advisory Committee on Farm Labor (NACFL) grew out of the work of the <a href="https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/3199" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Sharecroppers Fund</a>. <br /><br />The NACFL was organized in 1958 as a fact-finding, reporting agency whose goal was to build public awareness of the substandard living and working conditions of farm laborers. (<a href="https://reuther.wayne.edu/files/LR000393.pdf" target="_blank" title="Finding aid NSF collection" rel="noreferrer noopener">Reuther Library</a>, n.d.) Leaders included Eleanor Roosevelt, Socialist party presidental candidate Norman Thomas, Catholic Archbishop Robert Emmet Lucey, Rabbi Eugene Lipman of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, Presbyterian theologian Dr. John A. Mackay, and Tuskegee Institute president, Dr. L. H. Foster (<a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-policy-history/article/farmworker-advocacy-through-guestworker-policy-secretary-of-labor-james-p-mitchell-and-the-bracero-program/99180F6F8E1DC1D2D451F7612DBF6823/core-reader#fn79" target="_blank" title="Farmworker Advocacy through Guestworker Policy" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hazelton</a>, 2017).<br /><br />In 1958 and 1964, the NACFL held public hearings on farm labor and rural poverty. The agency dissolved in 1968.<br /><br />Excerpts:<br /><br />p. 34 "Children of migrant agricultural workers suffer from all the disadvantages and disabilities that handicap the whole migrant community -- unusual health hazards, inadequate food and housing due to low income level, lack of stable family life, and rejection by the community. In addition, two aspects of the migrant situation particularly affect the children and their future. The first is the common use of child workers, both legally and illegally. The second is their deprivation of such educational opportunities as would enable them to make their own lives an improvement over those of their parents." <br /><br />p. 35 "'Many of the Nation's farms do not come under the provisions of these Federal Acts. Only 6 States, 3 Territories, and the District of Columbia expressly provide a minimum age for agricultural work outside school hours, and only 13 States, 2 Territories, and the District of Columbia expressly provide a minimum age during school hours.'" (quoted from <em>Child Workers in Agriculture</em>, Leaflet No. 4, U. S. Dept. of Labor, 1959)<br /><br />p. 37 "The most common reason for the employment of child workers in agriculture, to an extent no longer acceptable in other industries, is that the low wage of the bread-winner of the family is not sufficient (averaging under $900 a year) to pay minimum family expenses, and so everyone works who can. This in turn creates the vicxious cycle of child labor lowering wage standards and contributing to the perpetuation of subnormal wages."<br /><br />p. 38 "In most places, the local schools cannot handle and do not want migrant children."
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Myers, Robin
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Box 248, <a href="https://www.baylor.edu/library/poage/index.php?id=925919" target="_blank" title="Congressional Collections" rel="noreferrer noopener">O. C. Fisher Congressional Collection</a>, The W. R. Poage Legislative Library Political Collections, Baylor University Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1959 August
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights</a>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more:<br /><br />Hazelton, A. J. (2017). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Farmworker Advocacy through Guestworker Policy: Secretary of Labor James P. Mitchell and the Bracero Program.</a> <em>Journal of Policy History</em> 29 (July), p. 431-461. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185" target="_blank" class="url doi" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185</a><br /><br /><a href="https://reuther.wayne.edu/node/3199" target="_blank" title="National Sharecropper Fund Records (finding aid)" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Sharecropper Fund Records</a>, Walter P. Reuther Library (finding aid).<br /><br />Cosgrove, B. (2013) <a href="http://time.com/3722532/bitter-harvest-life-with-americas-migrant-workers-1959/" target="_blank" title="Bitter Harvest (photographs)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitter Harvest: LIFE With America's Migrant Workers, 1959</a>. <em>LIFE magazine</em> <span>Mar 10, 2013. (Previously unpublished photographs by </span>Michael Rougier). <br /><br />Furman, M. (1959). <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=osu.32435030100218;view=2up;seq=2" target="_blank" title="Some Facts for Young Workers" rel="noreferrer noopener">Some Facts for Young Workers about Work and Labor Laws.</a> Washington : U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Standards.
agriculture
Braceros
child labor
children
education
farmworkers
Legislation
migrants
poverty
rural
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers. Letter to Congressman W. R. Poage from Betty Jane Whitaker
Description
An account of the resource
This letter was written to Congressman W. R. Poage by Betty Jane Whitaker, Co-chairman of the Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers, asking him to help improve the lives of migrant workers and their children. Whitaker asks for this to be done through better schooling and healthcare. A paper titled "<a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/317" target="_blank" title="read the paper" rel="noreferrer noopener">Migrant Children and Youth</a>" by Florence R. Wyckoff was included with this letter.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Whitaker, Betty Jane
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://www.baylor.edu/lib/poage/doc.php/251040.pdf" target="_blank" title="W. R. Poage papers finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Box 241, folder 13</a>, W. R. Poage Papers, The W. R. Poage Legislative Library Political Collections, Baylor University Libraries.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1963 November 7
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights</a>
Relation
A related resource
<span>Learn more:</span><br /><br /><span>Cosgrove, B. (2013) </span><a href="http://time.com/3722532/bitter-harvest-life-with-americas-migrant-workers-1959/" target="_blank" title="Bitter Harvest (photographs)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitter Harvest: LIFE With America's Migrant Workers, 1959</a><span>. </span><em>LIFE magazine</em><span> </span><span>Mar 10, 2013. (Previously unpublished photographs by </span><span>Michael Rougier). <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/315" target="_blank" title="Position of Farm Workers in Federal and State Legislation" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Position of Farm Workers in Federal and State Legislation,</a> Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
agriculture
child labor
children
education
farmworkers
housing
migrants
poverty
public health
rural
Texas Committee on Migrant Farm Workers
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Use of Mexican Workers Does Not Depress Farm Wages
Description
An account of the resource
This article compares the hourly wages of farm workers state-by-state, along with the number of Mexican workers employed in 1962. <br /><br />The document's author states, "The current average hourly farm wage of the 21 States in which Mexican workers were used in 1962 is $1.13 per hour. The average of the 27 States in which no Mexican nationals were used in 1962 is $1.04 per hour...."<br /><br />"One conclusion, however is obvious; that factors other than employment of Mexican nationals dominate in the establishment of farm wage rates and if there is <span style="text-decoration:underline;">any correlation whatever between the employment of Mexican nationals, or the number employed, and the level of farm wages in the various States, it is that farm wages tend to be higher in States where substantial numbers of Mexican workers are employed."</span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
unknown
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="https://www.baylor.edu/lib/poage/doc.php/251040.pdf" target="_blank" title="W. R. Poage papers finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Box 241, f. 13</a><span>, W. R. Poage Papers, The W. R. Poage Legislative Library Political Collections, Baylor University Libraries</span>
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1963
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Baylor University Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<a href="http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.baylor.edu/lib/digitization/digitalrights</a>
Relation
A related resource
<span>Learn more:</span><br /><br /><span>Hazelton, A. J. (2017). </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Farmworker Advocacy through Guestworker Policy: Secretary of Labor James P. Mitchell and the Bracero Program.</a><span> </span><em>Journal of Policy History</em><span> 29 (July), p. 431-461. </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185" target="_blank" class="url doi" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0898030617000185</a><br /><br /><span>Cosgrove, B. (2013) </span><a href="http://time.com/3722532/bitter-harvest-life-with-americas-migrant-workers-1959/" target="_blank" title="Bitter Harvest (photographs)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bitter Harvest: LIFE With America's Migrant Workers, 1959</a><span>. </span><em>LIFE magazine</em><span> </span><span>Mar 10, 2013. (Previously unpublished photographs by </span><span>Michael Rougier). <br /><br /></span><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/317" target="_blank" title="Migrant Children and Youth by Florence Wyckoff" rel="noreferrer noopener">Migrant Children and Youth</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
agriculture
Braceros
farmworkers
guestworkers
labor
Mexico
migrants
rural