Occupations for Women. A Study Made for the Southern Woman's Educational Alliance.
Orie Latham Hatcher, Ph.D. was head of the Bureau of Vocations in Virginia, a group founded in 1915. <br /><br />Dr. Hatcher and the work of the Bureau of Vocations was described in <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.c2572263&view=2up&seq=150" target="_blank" title="read "The Virginia Teacher" through HathiTrust.org" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>The Virginia Teacher </em>(vol. 2, no. 5, p. 128)</a>:<br /><br />"She is the head of a unique institution, the Bureau of Vocation of Virginia, which was founded six years ago in Richmond, under her inspiration. This institution exerts a strong educational influence. It inspires women first, to the best general education possible, then to adequate special training in some one field of work wisely chosen."<br /><br /><em>Occupations for Women</em> contains a preliminary essay written by Hatcher entitled "Women Who Work," in which Hatcher presents the various points of view related to women working outside the home at different stages of life. Towards the end of the essay, Hatcher describes "Signs of Progress" and "Handicaps to Progress."<br /><br /> Excerpts from that essay, and the introduction to the section of the book dealing with Social Work, are presented here.
Hatcher, Orie Latham, editor
<a href="https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/f/62kaa7/VCU_ALMA21360017660001101" target="_blank" title="Occupations for Women catalog record" rel="noreferrer noopener">Special Collections and Archives</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Southern Woman's Educational Alliance
1927
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
IN COPYRIGHT <br /><br />This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).<br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/bureau-of-vocations-for-women-september-1915-womans-occupational-bureau/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Richmond Times-Dispatch article 1915">Bureau of Vocations for Women, September 1915. (Woman’s Occupational Bureau)</a>, Social Welfare History Project <br /><br />War Open Up New Fields For Women's Endeavor...Vocations Bureau is Active. <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-07-01/ed-1/seq-8/" target="_blank" title=""War Opens Up New Fields for Women's Endeavor...Vocations Bureau Is Active"" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond times-dispatch. (Richmond, Va.), 01 July 1917</a>. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. <br /><br />Professional Building for Women is Unique. <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1918-08-11/ed-1/seq-33/" target="_blank" title="read the article" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond times-dispatch. (Richmond, Va.), 11 August 1918</a>. Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. See also the location <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/@37.5435093,-77.4406527,3a,90y,40.05h,93t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sBJP5i_05WhawrG2khb9veQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656" target="_blank" title="Site of Bureau of Vocations for Women" rel="noreferrer noopener">210 E. Grace St</a>., Richmond, Va.<br /><br />Willard, Frances E. (1897). <a href="https://archive.org/details/occupationsforwo00will/page/n5" target="_blank" title="read this book through HathiTrust.org" rel="noreferrer noopener">Occupations for Women</a>.
Story of the Boston Nursery for Blind Babies
This pamphlet provides a brief history of the Boston Nursery for Blind Babies. The pamphlet is accompanied with photographs displaying the nursery with a few photos of the blind children it cared for, while providing information about those who operated the nursery and cared for the children.
Boston Nursery for Blind Babies
<a href="https://www.simmons.edu/library/archives/collections/charities" target="_blank" title="Simmons College Archives Charities Collection" rel="noreferrer noopener">Simmons University Archives Charities Collection</a>
c. 1910
Simmons University Library
NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY<br />This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/issues/blind/" target="_blank" title="articles from the history of services for the blind" rel="noreferrer noopener">Blindness</a>, Social Welfare History Project <br /><a href="https://archive.org/details/annualreportofbo122bost/page/n9" target="_blank" title="Annual Report via Internet Archive" rel="noreferrer noopener">First Annual Report of the Boston Nursery for Blind Babies, 1901,</a> Internet Archive <br /><a href="https://www.perkins.org/history" target="_blank" title="Perkins History Museum" rel="noreferrer noopener">Perkins History Museum</a>, Perkins School for the Blind <br /><a href="http://www.afb.org/info/about-us/history/12" target="_blank" title="AFB website - history" rel="noreferrer noopener">More Than 90 Years of Advocacy and Support for People with Vision Loss</a>. American Foundation for the Blind
Children painting, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Two children wearing paint smocks to protect their clothing, paint pictures at easels. <br /><br /><p>Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</p>
<p>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</p>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&rw=24" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Children play in a pretend grocery store, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Four children are shown playing in a pretend grocery store. One boy uses a play phone and writes a message; a girl retrieves items from the shelves; another girl pretends to check out while a boy uses a toy cash register to ring up the sale. <br /><br />The Newbury Center was fully accredited by the Virginia State Department of Education as a kindergarten and as a training venue for teacher certification. Summer training workshops were attended by students from 13 Virginia universities. Education majors from VCU and VUU could do their student teaching there. Nurses in training in pediatrics at Richmond Memorial, MCV and Johnston-Willis hospitals came to fulfill their requirements in education and socialization of the young child. <br /><br />The building included a mirrored glass panel running the full length of one wall in the main classroom, behind which up to 20 visitors could observe the children and their teachers. The observation room was soundproofed and air-conditioned. A microphone and speaker system made it possible to listen to the activities in the classroom. This facility was considered very advanced for its time; it was modeled after the teacher training lab at the University of Maryland. <br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. <br /><br />The photographs in this series present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a>, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
Boys using carpentry tools, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
<p>Three young boys stand around a sawhorse using hammer and saw at the Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, VA.<br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</p>
<p>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</p>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
<span>Learn more: </span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a><span>, Social Welfare History Project</span><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a><span>, Social Welfare History Image Portal</span>
A visitor teaches children about her home in India, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
A woman in traditional Indian clothing teaches children about her home in India. She points to a globe as children gather around her and look on. <br /><br /><span>Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.</span><br /><br /><span>The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.</span>
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a><span>, </span><span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br /><span>This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Children learning about corn, Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va.
Josephine Newbury teaching children about corn and other plants at the Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten, Richmond, Va. <br /><br />Before the Newbury Center opened in 1957, there was no education available in a school setting in Richmond or the surrounding counties for children younger than five. Preschool itself was an innovative concept then. This new purpose-built facility was created to become a model preschool for the training of teachers and the design of innovative curriculum. Professor Josephine Newbury of the Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Va., established the school.<br /><br />The professional images in this collection are the work of the Dementi Studios, one of Richmond's foremost portrait and documentary photographers. The series was made shortly after the Demonstration Kindergarten opened in 1957. They present an idealized image of childhood experience, social expectations, and gender roles, as well as the educational philosophy and methods of the time.
<a href="https://dementi.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dementi Studios</a>, Richmond, Va.
<a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/search/results?qu=Josephine+Newbury+Demonstration+Kindergarten&te=" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Josephine Newbury Demonstration Kindergarten Collection</a>, <span>Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</span>
1957
Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
<span><span>Copyright Dementi Studios, used by permission</span><br /><br />This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).<br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a><br /></span>
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of Kindergarten in Child-Saving: 1900</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten as a Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History (1886)</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Kindergarten Legislation
Pamphlet promoting state legislation to include kindergartens for children aged four to six years in public schools.<br /><br />"LOOK FOR YOUR STATE IN THE FOLLLOWING LIST...<br /><br />If there IS legislative activity in your state, write to the National Kindergarten Association for names of organizations sponsoring it, and give them your support.<br /><br />If there is NO legislative activity in your state, will you not initiate it?"
National Kindergarten Association
<span>M 9 Box 103, </span><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten As A Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Free Kindergartens</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of the Kindergarten in Child-Saving</a>, Social Welfare History Project
Why Should the Kindergarten be a Part of the Public School System?
Pamphlet promoting the benefits of adding Friedrich Froebel's Kindergarten curriculum to the public school system. The pamphlet lists six major benefits of kindergarten and expands upon each of thes points with a few paragraphs. <br /><br />"1. The Kindergarten forms a natural bond between the home and the school."<br /><br />"2. The Kindergarten considers the whole nature of the child -- physical, mental, moral -- and gives every aspect of that nature a chance for exercise, training, growth."<br /><br />"3. Kindergarten education is motor, and its aim is to develop human power."<br /><br />"4. The Kindergarten furnishes a mental background for the formal study of reading, writing, arithmetic, and geography."<br /><br />"5. The Kindergarten promotes the happiness of children. They delight in its activities, all of which are based upon their natural instincts."<br /><br />"6. The Kindergarten promotes the physical well being of the child."<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />"Reprinted by kind permission of Kate Baldwin Free Kindergarten Association, Savannah, Ga."<br /><br />[original article by Hortense May Orcutt]
<span>M 9 Box 103, </span><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
National Kindergarten Association
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten As A Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Free Kindergartens</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of the Kindergarten in Child-Saving</a>, Social Welfare History Project
National Kindergarten Association Letter, 1922
Letter from Bessie Locke, Corresponding Secretary of the National Kindergarten Association, addressed "FOR YOUR RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE" and refers to an upcoming local [state?] convention. <br /><br />Excerpts:<br /><br />"RESOLVED, That the [National Kindergarten Association] urge its members to circulate petitions for kindergartens in their public schools, and write for information and advice on the subject to the National Kindergarten Association, 8 West 40th Street, New York."<br /><br />"RESOLVED, That the [National Kindergarten Association] sponsor a bill providing for the establishment of kindergartens upon petition of parents at the next legislative session. (California, Arizona, Nevada, Maine, Texas, Kansas, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin have already enacted petition kindergarten laws.)"<br /><br />"For the sake of the country's neglected little children, we hope it may be possible for you to have the above resolutions passed at your next convention. We shall appreciate news from you of the passage of either or both of them."<br /><br />The letter is stamped with what is likely the date received, April 13, 1922.
Locke, Bessie
<span>M 9 Box 103, </span><a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1922 April
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/the-kindergarten-as-a-child-saving-work/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Kindergarten As A Child-Saving Work</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Free Kindergartens</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/child-welfarechild-labor/place-kindergarten-child-saving-1900/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Place of the Kindergarten in Child-Saving</a>, Social Welfare History Project
Begin at the Beginning
Pamphlet advocating for compulsory kindergarten as a means to Americanization. Written by Philander Priestly Claxton, former United States Commissioner of Education, and David Starr Jordan, Chancellor Emeritus, Leland Stanford Junior University. <br /><br />Excerpt:<br /><br />"THE CHILD IS THE FATHER OF THE MAN <br /><br />The way to 'Americanize' foreigners as well as the native born is to commence at the beginning or as near there as possible. The idea of a kindergarten, like that of any other form of garden, is to give proper culture and to give it early, when it is most needed. The most important duty of any people is to care for its children. In the schools of today the future of the nation is written. And to the kindergarten all higher schools must look for the initiative of their work. All other forms of 'national defense' dwindle into impertinent insignificance when compared with the training of the children."
Claxton, P. P.
M 9 Box 103 <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
National Kindergarten Association
[1921?]
<span>Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries</span>
<span>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.</span><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a>
Learn more:<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/kindergartens-a-history-1886/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kindergartens: A History - 1886</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/americanization/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Americanization</a>, Social Welfare History Project