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                <text>Cold, hungry strikers, Passaic, New Jersey, 1926</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Passaic strikers men, women, and children take a break from the cold to get a beverage. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This event took place during the Passaic Textile Strike, 1926.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dated March 4, 1926.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.labormuseum.net/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Labor Museum / Botto House National Landmark&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Persistent URL:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T37M09GG" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T37M09GG&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1926 March 4</text>
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                <text>Learn more:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/labor/passaic-textile-strike-1926-2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Passaic Textile Strike, 1926&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/labor/passaic-textile-strike-1926-film/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Passaic Textile Strike (1926) - film&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=labor" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Labor&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Image Portal</text>
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                <text>March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom [publicity flyer]</text>
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                <text>The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom took place on 28 August 1963.&amp;nbsp; An estimated 250,000 people attended the massive, peaceful rally, while many more watched the dramatic events live on television.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This flyer reads:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"An Appeal to You from&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Mathew Ahmann&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Eugene Carson Blake&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;James Farmer&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Martin Luther King, Jr.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;John Lewis&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Isaiah Minkoff&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;A. Philip Randolph&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Walter Reuther&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Roy Wilkins&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Whitney Young&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;to MARCH on WASHINGTON&lt;br /&gt;Wednesday August 28, 1963&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;America faces a crisis ...&lt;br /&gt;Millions of Negroes are denied freedom ...&lt;br /&gt;Millions of citizens, black and white, are unemployed ...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We demand: &lt;br /&gt;-- Meaningful Civil Rights Laws&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;-- Massive Federal Works Program&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;-- Full and Fair Employment&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;-- Decent Housing&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;-- The Right to Vote&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;-- Adequate Integrated Education&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In your community, groups are mobilizing for the March. You can get information on how to go to Washington by calling civil rights organizations, religious organizations, trade unions, fraternal organizations and youth groups.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;National Office --&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;MARCH ON WASHINGTON FOR JOBS AND FREEDOM&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;170 West 130 Street&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;New York 27&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;FI 8-1900&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Cleveland Robinson, Chairman, Administrative Committee&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bayard Rustin, Deputy Director</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=MARCH+ON+WASHI0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" title="March on Washington 1963 Digital Collection" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington 1963&lt;/a&gt;, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary</text>
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                <text>1963</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Union Presbyterian Seminary Library&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Learn more:&lt;br /&gt;Hansan, John E.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-on-washington-august-28-1963/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington, D.C. for Jobs and Freedom August 28, 1963&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-1963-film/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The March (1963) [film]&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/251" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;[tri-fold publicity flyer], Social Welfare History Image Portal</text>
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                <text>Tri-fold flyer encouraging all Americans to join the March on Washington which would take place on Wednesday, August 28, 1963.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Text on front page:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"The time is NOW for all Americans Black and White to join the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. A call to action by James Farmer, Martin Luther King, John Lewis, A. Philip Randolph, Roy Wilkins, Whitney Young. Wednesday, August 28, 1963."&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Text from inside flyer:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"&lt;strong&gt;America faces a crisis...&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Millions of citizens are unemployed...&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Millions are denied freedom...&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The twin evils of discrimination and exonomic deprivation plague the nation. They rob all people, Negro and white, of dignity, self-respect and freedom. They impose a special burden up the Negro who is denied the right to vote, refused access to public accommodations, forced to accept inferior education and relegated to sub-standard ghetto housing.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation, the American Negro still bears the brunt of economic exploitation, the indignity of second-class citizenship, and ignominy of slave wages.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The rate of Negro unemployment is almost three times higher than that of white workers, breeding misery, frustration and degradation in every community -- North and South.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Discrimination in education and in apprenticeship training renders Negroes, Puerto Ricans and other minorities helpless in our mechanized, industrial society. Shunted to relief, to charity, or to living by their wits, the jobless are driven to despair, to crime, to hatred and to violence.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yet, despite this crisis...&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Southern Democrats and reactionary Republicans in Congress are still working to defeat any effective civil rights legislation. They fight against the rights of all workers and minority groups. They are the sworn enemies of freedom and justice. They proclaim states rights in order to destroy human rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Southern Democrats came to power by disenfranchising the Negro people. They know that as long as black workers are voteless, exploited, depressed and underpaid the fight of white workers for decent wages and working conditions will fail. They know that semi-slavery for one means semi-slavery for all.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We oppose these forces. We appeal for unity to destroy this century-long hoax....&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We call upon all Americans, regardless of race or creed to join the March on Washington&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;for freedom&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;ul&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;To demand that Congress pass a civil rights bill that will restore the constitutional rights now denied the Negro people.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;To assure neither watering down, nor compromise, nor filibuster against civil rights legislation by either political party.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;To offer a great witness to the basic moral principle of human equality and brotherhood.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;/ul&gt;&#13;
&lt;strong&gt;We call upon all Americans, regardless of race or creed to join the March on Washington&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;for jobs&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#13;
&lt;ul&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;In their historic non-violent revolt for freedom, the Negro people are demanding the right to decent jobs -- recognizing that their struggle is inextricably linked with the struggle for decent jobs for all Americans.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;They know that, in the long run, there is no way for Negroes to win and hold jobs unless the problems of automation, a stagnant economy, and discrimination are solved; therefore, the Federal government must establish a massive works program to train and employ all Americans at decent wages and at meaningful and dignified labor.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;/ul&gt;&#13;
------- &lt;br /&gt;We call upon you and upon all organizations -- churches, fraternal societies, labor unions, civil groups, youth groups and professional associations -- to accelerate the dynamic, non-violent thrust of the civil rights revolution by joining&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To restore economic Freedom to all in this nation&lt;br /&gt;To blot out once and for all the scourge of racial discrimination&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The time is NOW"&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://upsem.ent.sirsi.net/client/en_US/default/?rm=MARCH+ON+WASHI0%7C%7C%7C1%7C%7C%7C0%7C%7C%7Ctrue" title="March on Washington 1963 Digital Collection" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington 1963&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Learn more:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Hansan, John E.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-on-washington-august-28-1963/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington, D.C. for Jobs and Freedom August 28, 1963&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/march-1963-film/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The March (1963) [film]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/248" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;[publicity flyer], Social Welfare History Image Portal&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Collection NA-282, Box 10, Folder 19 of 24. &lt;a href="http://archives.tulane.edu/repositories/9/resources/2913" target="_blank" title="Finding aid: Sylvia Roberts papers" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Sylvia Roberts papers&lt;/a&gt;. Newcomb Archives, Newcomb College Institute, Tulane University.</text>
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                <text>Learn more: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Southern+Frontier" target="_blank" title="Issues of The Southern Frontier" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Southern Frontier&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/em&gt; Social Welfare History Image Portal &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/" target="_blank" title="Jim Crow Laws" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project</text>
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                <text>A news digest published by the Department of Race Relations, Federal Council of Churches, New York, NY. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Federal Council of Churches was an ecumenical association of Protestant denominations in the United States founded in Philadelphia in 1908. It merged with other ecumenical bodies in 1950 to form the present day National Council of Churches. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Masthead: "Gleanings from press releases and other sources to inform busy but sincere people of some of the things affecting the lives of racial minorities. Let's do away with walls ! 'We are all one in Christ Jesus.'&lt;br /&gt;The Material in the News Service is given for information and is not to be construed as declarations of official attitudes or policies of the Department of Race Relations or the Federal Council of Churches."&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This issue contains tributes to James Weldon Johnson following his death in an automobile accident. Also marked is the death of Arthur A. Schomburg, America's foremost collector of books on African Americans and curator of the largest and rarest collection of its type in the United States.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Other topics and articles include:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"K.U. Medical School Opens Doors to Negro Students"&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;"Ask American Bar to Admit Negro Lawyers"&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;"Ga. Governor Removes Shakles in Prison Reform" (also removed from Georgia prisions were the sweat-box, and whippings with cat-o-nine tails)&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;"Blue and Gray Vets Gather at Gettysburg" (75th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg)&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;"Cotton Picker May Displace Negro Workers" (regarding the Rust Brothers cotton picker)&lt;br /&gt;"Italians 'Aryan' Race Purity Urged" (regarding the purge of Jews from Italy)&lt;br /&gt;"Vassar Pact Pledges Aid to Minorities" (World Youth Congress at Vassar College)</text>
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                <text>Learn more:&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Southern+Frontier" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Issues of The Southern Frontier"&gt;The Southern Frontier&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;Social Welfare History Image Portal&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Jim Crow Laws"&gt;Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://newspaperarchives.vassar.edu/cgi-bin/vassar?a=d&amp;amp;d=vq19381001-01.2.6" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Vassar Peace Pact"&gt;Vassar Peace Pact&lt;/a&gt; (1938).&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Vassar Quarterly&lt;/em&gt;, Volume XXIV, Number 1, 1 October 1938, Vassar newspaper archives.</text>
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                <text>Interracial News Service, vol. 10, no. 1, January 1939</text>
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                <text>Learn more: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Southern+Frontier" target="_blank" title="Issues of The Southern Frontier" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Southern Frontier&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/em&gt; Social Welfare History Image Portal &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/" target="_blank" title="Jim Crow Laws" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation&lt;/a&gt;, Social Welfare History Project &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-1593" target="_blank" title="Southern Conference for Human Welfare" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Southern Conference for Human Welfare&lt;/a&gt;, Encyclopedia of Alabama &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Annotate a &lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/418882cb0452b3ef52e9f817dadf8ccb.pdf" target="_blank" title="PDF of Interracial News Service v.10, n.1" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;PDF of this image&lt;/a&gt; with &lt;a href="https://web.hypothes.is/" target="_blank" title="What is hypothes.is?" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;hypothes.is&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Interracial News Service, vol. 9, no. 4, June 1938</text>
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                <text>A news digest published by the Department of Race Relations, Federal Council of Churches, New York, NY.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Federal Council of Churches was an ecumenical association of Protestant denominations in the United States founded in Philadelphia in 1908. It merged with other ecumenical bodies in 1950 to form the present day National Council of Churches.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Masthead: "Gleanings from press releases and other sources to inform busy but sincere people of some of the things affecting the lives of racial minorities. Let's do away with walls ! 'We are all one in Christ Jesus.'&lt;br /&gt;The Material in the News Service is given for information and is not to be construed as declarations of official attitudes or policies of the Department of Race Relations or the Federal Council of Churches."&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Articles and topics in this issue include:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"New Contracts Will Protect Sharecroppers" describing provisions under the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938. (p. 1)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Ethiopia's Farewell" about the defeat of Haile Selassie and the conquest of Ethiopia by Italian fascists. (p. 1ff)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Submits After 15 Days of Picketing" The Kroger Stores, Inc. hire the first African American clerk in the city of Dayton, OH (p. 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Yale U. Awards Fellowship to Young Teacher" recounts the awarding of a fellowship to Miss Lucille Sarah Baker, the first fellowship in general studies given to an African American. (p. 3)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"34 Are Awarded Rosenwald Fellowships" (p. 3)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Uses Wife as Model; Wins Art Institute Award" about Thurmand Townsend's sculpture of his wife made in mud. (p. 4)&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The section, Race Issues in Church Circles, includes "Church Vs. Christianity," "Brave White Friends Need of Our Race," and "Negro and White Churches Must Unify." (p. 4)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=VCU_ALMA21375204090001101&amp;amp;context=L&amp;amp;vid=VCUL&amp;amp;search_scope=all_scope&amp;amp;tab=all&amp;amp;lang=en_US" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="catalog entry"&gt;E 185.5.I68&lt;/a&gt;, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Libraries, VCU Libraries</text>
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                <text>The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Learn more: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Southern+Frontier" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Issues of The Southern Frontier"&gt;The Southern Frontier&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;Social Welfare History Image Portal&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Jim Crow Laws"&gt;Jim Crow Laws and Racial Segregation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Social Welfare History Project&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Virginia Federation of Labor Convention Badge. Bristol, Va., April 3, 4, 5, 1922</text>
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                <text>Virginia Federation of Labor delegate's convention badge. Delegates represented local unions at the state gathering. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;The Virginia Federation of Labor was aligned with the &lt;a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/228" target="_blank" title="AFL Song" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;American Federation of Labor&lt;/a&gt;, the powerful organization of unions led by Samuel Gompers. Although southern workers struggled to organize successfully in large numbers, unions nonetheless became a force. Between 1885 and 1890, according to one historian, twenty-three national or international unions organized locals in Virginia. Another scholar estimates that by the turn of the twentieth century, about 10% of Richmond’s industrial workers were represented by unions. That success was tempered, however, by the pervasive racism of the period. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When the Knights of Labor held a national convention in Richmond in 1886, the New York delegation was refused accommodations because one of their members was an African American. By 1919 progress in racial cooperation had been made at the national level. That progress was reflected at the Virginia State Federation of Labor’s annual convention, in the same year, in Alexandria. W.H. Page, of Newport News, became the first African American to be appointed to the Virginia group’s executive council. Black labor leaders, and black newspapers, praised the move, but it also prompted angry backlash. Some two thousand white unionists, of Richmond, left the Federation of Labor in protest of Page’s appointment. Those episodes evoke the racial tensions of the Jim Crow South.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Image Description: &lt;br /&gt;This round badge has blue lettering on a white background with a multi-color &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/statearmsofunion00lpra/page/n7" target="_blank" title="State Arms of the Union, L. Prang &amp;amp; Co, 1876" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;coat of arms of Virginia&lt;/a&gt; in the center. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inscribed in blue: "27TH ANNUAL CONVENTION / VA. FEDERATION OF LABOR" above the seal and "APRIL 3.4.5, 1922, BRISTOL, VA." below. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Suspended from oval badge inscribed : "DELEGATE".  &lt;br /&gt;The back of the badge reads "The Whitehead and Hoag Co. Buttons, Badges, Novelties and Signs. Newark, N.J."</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://museumcatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/portal.aspx?lang=en-US" target="_blank" title="Virginia Historical Society catalog" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;span&gt;2002.148.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Virginia Museum of History &amp;amp; Culture, Virginia Historical Society</text>
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                <text>Virginia Museum of History &amp; Culture, Virginia Historical Society</text>
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                <text>NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/"&gt;http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Learn more: &lt;br /&gt;Love, R. &lt;a href="https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Labor_in_Virginia_During_the_Twentieth_Century#start_entry" target="_blank" title="Labor in Virginia during the twentieth century" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Labor in Virginia during the twentieth century.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;Encyclopedia Virginia &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924054330513;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" title="Official proceedings of the 27th annual convention" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Virginia Federation of Labor proceedings of the 27th annual session held at Bristol, Virginia, April Third and Fourth, 1922.&lt;/a&gt; HathiTrust.org &lt;br /&gt;Harold, C. N. (2016). New Negro politics in the Jim Crow south. (Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press).&lt;br /&gt;Kimball, G. (1991, April). The working people of Richmond: life and labor in an industrial city, 1865-1920. &lt;em&gt;Labor's Heritage,&lt;/em&gt; 3(2). &lt;br /&gt;Woman's Work. &lt;em&gt;Sixteenth Annual Session of the Virginia Federation of Labor, Richmond, Virginia&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;June 6-7-8, 1911&lt;/em&gt;, 25-26. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1911-06-10/ed-1/seq-5/" target="_blank" title="VFL endorses Equal Suffrage League through Johnston's work" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Note of Thanks to Miss Johnston&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;The Times Dispatch&lt;/em&gt;. (Richmond, Va.), 10 June 1911, p. 5. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress.</text>
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                <text>M 9 Box 98, &lt;a href="https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/279" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978&lt;/a&gt;, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries</text>
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                <text>COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"&gt;http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Learn more: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.theworldwar.org/explore/exhibitions/current-exhibitions/were-home-now-what" target="_blank" title="online exhibit of Gordon Grant editorial cartoons" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;We're Home--Now What?&lt;/a&gt; National World War I Museum and Memorial exhibit</text>
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