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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Virginia Museum of History & Culture
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
S.O.N.S. Newsletter, January 22, 1972
Description
An account of the resource
This newsletter is a publication of the anti-busing Save Our Neighborhood Schools, Inc., (SONS) organization. A subscription form listing the Board of Directors for SONS is also shown. <br /><br />In the 1970 case, Bradley v. Richmond School Board, Judge Robert Merhige, Jr., ordered limited citywide busing in order to integrate Richmond, Virginia, schools, resulting in further white flight. Opposition from white parents was fierce and organized, as evidenced by groups such as SONS. <br /><br />Merhige's decision was overturned on June 6, 1972 by the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, which was affirmed a year later in the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court subsequently invalidated most busing across city-county boundaries and, unable to counteract white flight, many city schools again became overwhelmingly black. The trend continued through the late-twentieth century, and Richmond neighborhoods were more racially segregated in 1980 than in 1960. <br /><br />From the Subscription Form: <br /><br />"Dedicated to the preservation of the neighborhood school concept in the education of our young people." <br /><br />Board of Directors<br /><a href="https://www.dailypress.com/news/dp-xpm-20000423-2000-04-23-0004230006-story.html" target="_blank" title=""Haskins Still Remains Consistent" Daily Press article" rel="noreferrer noopener">William F. Haskins</a>, President<br /><br />Board Members<br />J. Hunter Ames<br />James W. Meador, Jr.<br />Jaqueline Gary<br />Kenneth A. Huhn<br />J. Earl Gerringer<br />Ernestine Gilpin<br />Jerome Hake <br />Herbert Thornton
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Save Our Neighborhood Schools, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
General collection, Call Number L11 .N5, and General collection, Call Number L11 .S5, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972 January 22
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</p>
<p><br /> The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br /> Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more: <br /><br />Hayter, J. (2017). <em>The Dream is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia. </em><br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=busing" target="_blank" title="materials related to school busing" rel="noreferrer noopener">Busing</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><br /><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/18/archives/3300-autos-driven-to-capital-in-protest-3300-cars-in-the-capital.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">3,300 Autos Driven To Capital in Protest</a><span>, </span><em>The New York Times</em><span>, February 18, 1972.<br /></span><br /><span>Pratt, Robert A. </span><em><em>The Color of Their Skin: Education and Race in Richmond, Virginia, 1954-89. <br /><br /><a href="http://lawreview.richmond.edu/2017/09/28/the-conscience-of-virginia-judge-robert-r-merhige-jr-and-the-politics-of-school-desegregation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Conscience of Virginia: Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and the Politics of School Desegregation</a> <br /></em></em><br /><a href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/338/67/2182321/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond, Virginia, 338 F. Supp. 67 (E.D. Va. 1972) </a>
anti-busing
busing
desegregation
education
Inc.
integration
race
Save Our Neighborhood Schools
school integration
SONS
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Virginia Museum of History & Culture
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
National Busing Report, Vol. 1, No. 11, October 1972
Description
An account of the resource
This is a publication of the anti-busing Save Our Neighborhood Schools, Inc., (SONS) organization. <br /><br />In the 1970 case, Bradley v. Richmond School Board, Judge Robert Merhige, Jr., ordered limited citywide busing in order to integrate Richmond, Virginia, schools, resulting in further white flight. Opposition from white parents was fierce and organized, as evidenced by groups such as SONS. <br /><br />Merhige's decision was overturned on June 6, 1972 by the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, which was affirmed a year later in the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court subsequently invalidated most busing across city-county boundaries and, unable to counteract white flight, many city schools again became overwhelmingly black. <br /><br />The trend continued through the late-twentieth century, and Richmond neighborhoods were more racially segregated in 1980 than in 1960.<br /><br />Detail from page 3: editorial cartoon by Jack Knox, reprinted from the <em>Nashville Banner</em>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Save Our Neighborhood Schools, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
General collection, Call Number L11 .N5, and General collection, Call Number L11 .S5, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Save Our Neighborhood Schools, Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972 October
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</p>
<p><br /> The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br /> Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
<p> </p>
Relation
A related resource
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=busing" target="_blank" title="materials related to school busing" rel="noreferrer noopener">Busing</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><br /><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/18/archives/3300-autos-driven-to-capital-in-protest-3300-cars-in-the-capital.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">3,300 Autos Driven To Capital in Protest</a><span>, </span><em>The New York Times</em><span>, February 18, 1972.<br /></span><br /><span>Pratt, Robert A. </span><em><em>The Color of Their Skin: Education and Race in Richmond, Virginia, 1954-89. <br /><br /><a href="http://lawreview.richmond.edu/2017/09/28/the-conscience-of-virginia-judge-robert-r-merhige-jr-and-the-politics-of-school-desegregation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Conscience of Virginia: Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and the Politics of School Desegregation</a> <br /></em></em><br /><a href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/338/67/2182321/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond, Virginia, 338 F. Supp. 67 (E.D. Va. 1972) </a>
anti-busing
busing
education
Save Our Neighborhood Schools
school integration
Virginia