Letter, Ora Brown Stokes to Adèle Goodman Clark, June 1, 1922 regarding fundraising for National Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
Letterhead: Commission on Inter-Racial Co-operation, Atlanta, Ga.<br /><br />210 W. Leigh St.<br />Richmond Va.<br /> June 1st 1922<br /><br />Dear Miss Clark:<br /><br />The National Federation of Colored Women's Clubs will meet in this city during the first week in August and I am asked to raise$50.00 towards the $1500 that the local committee must raise to meet the demands that will be required of us. <br /><br />I am writing to 25 of our white friends asking them to help me raise my $50.00. As Chairman of the local committee I am anxious to get the required amount. <br /><br />Won't you please help us and help me to make my report? <br /><br />Very truly yours,<br />Ora Brown Stokes<br /><br />-----<br />The NACWC biennial meeting was held at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Richmond, Va., August 6 - 11, 1922. <br /><br /><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025841/1922-08-05/ed-1/seq-4/">Ida B. Wells Barnett</a>, the prominent journalist and civil rights activist, traveled from Chicago with her daughter Alfreda to attend. Speakers included Hallie J. Brown, Mary Church Terrell, Margaret Murray Washington (Mrs. Booker T. Washington), Mary Bethune, and others.
Stokes, Ora Brown
M 9 Box 81, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1922 June 1
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025841/1922-07-29/ed-1/seq-1/" target="_blank" title="Newspaper article" rel="noreferrer noopener">Great Women's Convention Here</a>. <em>Richmond Planet, </em>1922, July 29. <br /><br />Bonis, R. (2019). <a href="https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.php?b=Stokes_Ora_Brown" target="_blank" title="Ora E. Brown Stokes" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ora E. Brown Stokes (1882–1957)</a>, <em>Dictionary of Virginia Biography</em>. <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Ora+Brown+Stokes" target="_blank" title="other materials related to Stokes" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ora Brown Stokes</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Woman's Journal and Suffrage News, November 30, 1912
Editorial cartoon by Ralph Wilder published <em>Woman's Journal and Suffrage News</em>, Vol . 43, No. 47, November 30, 1912.<br /><br />A group of suffragists wearing "Votes for Women" sashes enter a room where they are greeted by women labelled "Idaho," "Washington," "Utah," "Wyoming," "Colorado," and "California" (states where women could already vote). The suffragists joining the party are "<a href="https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/explore/exhibits/woman-intro.aspx" target="_blank" title="Learn more about woman suffrage in Oregon" rel="noreferrer noopener">Oregon</a>," "<a href="https://lewissuffragecollection.omeka.net/items/show/1596" target="_blank" title="Learn about woman suffrage in Michigan" rel="noreferrer noopener">Michigan</a>," "<a href="https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/women-s-suffrage/14524" target="_blank" title="Learn about woman suffrage in Kansas" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kansas</a>," and "<a href="https://azlibrary.gov/dazl/learners/research-topics/womens-suffrage" target="_blank" title="Learn about woman suffrage in Arizona" rel="noreferrer noopener">Arizona</a>."<br /><br />Caption: "Meanwhile The Ladies Have Been Having a Perfectly Lovely Time"<br /><br />Publication note: "Courtesy Chicago Record-Herald"
Wilder, Ralph
M 9 Box 56, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1912 November 30
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Acknowledgment of Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/woman-suffrage/gallery" target="_blank" title="Discovery Set, Woman Suffrage" rel="noreferrer noopener">Woman Suffrage</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/editorial-cartoons/gallery" target="_blank" title="Discovery Set on editorial cartoons - Image Portal" rel="noreferrer noopener">Wielding the Pen: Editorial Cartooning for Social Reform</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal<br /><br />Winslow, C. S. (1947). <a href="https://archive.org/details/earlychicagoasse00wins/mode/2up" target="_blank" title="Read this book" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Early Chicago: As Seen by a Cartoonist</em></a>. Illus. by Ralph Wilder. Chicago: Charles S. Winslow pub.
Address by Ethel Baskervill, Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work, January 8, 1932
Transcription: <br /><br />
<p>Woman’s Exchange January 8, 1932</p>
<p>The Richmond Exchange for Woman’s Work is the first woman’s shop established in Richmond which has been in continuous operation for almost fifty years. It was established in 1883 to assist ladies who, in 1883, felt their privacy would be violated and their pride tarnished if the public knew they were forced to work for money. Now we know that what a woman can do is her greatest ornament and that she always consults her dignity by doing it.</p>
<p>Now we have meetings where Consignors and Board Members discuss every phase of our mutual business.</p>
<p>There are among the consignors some of your best friends and mine.</p>
<p>They are from the best levels of our citizenship – much respected and self respecting women.</p>
<p>Without exception they are women who cannot go out into active business. Most of them have children or invalids at home who cannot do without them, or perhaps their husbands have had bad luck and cannot make ends meet. They show a notable gallantry by throwing their strength into helping their family to be self supporting upstanding citizens.</p>
<p>The Exchange is not a charity, - it is a philanthropy.</p>
<p>We simply give women a chance to help themselves.</p>
<p>As a shop we are obliged to meet tremendous and increasing competition.</p>
<p>We try to meet it by defeating it.</p>
<p>We try to give honest value, courteous and efficient service and the very best quality in town.</p>
<p>In our foods we tolerate no substitute for the best materials.</p>
<ol>
<li>2</li>
</ol>
<p>We have lately put on a second delivery and we send to Westhampton and to Ginter Park.</p>
<p>We are constantly trying to introduce novelties in all our departments.</p>
<p>We have many services which the public does not always realize.</p>
<p>We make aspics and desert to order.</p>
<p>We mend fine bead bags and wash and darn delicate laces and old lace curtains.</p>
<p>We restore antique, painted trays.</p>
<p>We print stationery, --just like you get from Peru, Indiana, at the same price, - and more promptly.</p>
<p>We take for sale some young woman’s treasured bit of glory, that must be sacrificed because her husband has lost his job, or some frail old lady’s paisley shawl or piece of family silver.</p>
<p>The Superintendent gives these facts about some of our present consignors</p>
<p>A-says that through her sales she has been able to keep her two boys at school.</p>
<p>B-says that her sales of cake and fancy articles enabled her to have her daughter taught the violin which she is now teaching to others.</p>
<p>C-says her sales have made it possible for her to take care of an invalid mother and stay at home with her.</p>
<p>D-says her sales have given her the means to help to keep her sister at the Blue Ridge Sanitarium.</p>
<p>E-could not hold her home together without the Exchange.</p>
<p>We have over two hundred consignors.</p>
<p>It is not an easy job that we do.</p>
<p>We have only a thirty thousand dollar endowment invested in mortgage bonds.</p>
<p>p.3</p>
<p>The consignors pay us twenty per cent commission, -which is only about two-thirds of what it costs any shop to do business.</p>
<p>We have a small amount from subscriptions and consignors membership tickets.</p>
<p>One of our greatest difficulties has been to keep our promise to pay the consignor on the first pay day after her article is sold.</p>
<p>This is difficult because some of our patrons are careless about paying their bills. They do not realize that we have no working capital and that their delay is a very serious embarrassment for us, and has often sent us to borrow from the bank where we have to pay interest.</p>
<p>We rarely beg, but we do have a constant struggle to make ends meet.</p>
<p>If we ever have to shut up our business it will throw about two hundred women out of employment.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: line-through;">We do not ask pity,</span> - we <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">only</span> ask that you will try our shop.</p>
<p>Give us the chance we are trying to give our consignors.</p>
<p>Ethel Baskervill</p>
Baskervill, Ethel
MSC0037-Baskervill, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="The Valentine website">The Valentine</a>
1932 January 8
The Valentine
NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY<br /><br />This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Exchange for Woman's Work. Fourth Annual Report, 1887. [exceprt]
Report by Mrs. W. T. Richardson, recording secretary for the Exchange for Woman's Work. This excerpt (pp. 9 - 14) is taken from the Fourth Annual Report of the Exchange, 1887. <br /><br />Text (excerpt)<br /><br />Annual Report. <br /><br />The Richmond Exchange for Woman’s Work has now completed its fourth year. <br /><br />During the past twelve months, 5,279 articles have been place on sale, representing the handiwork of 400 women, 3,790 of these consignments were sold, realizing the sum of $3,375, which amount, less the commission of ten per cent, was paid to the consignors. <br /><br />Every article deposited for sale, however simple, must be the best of its kind. To reach and adhere to this standard is the persistent aim of the Board of Managers. They are gratified to observe a steady advance in the character and variety of the work offered. The Exchange is thus proving a school<br />p.10 for the education of workers—developing the artistic instinct, correcting defects of design and execution, etc., --while it fosters a spirit of industry, energy and independence, and affords to all, even the aged and the invalid, an opportunity to turn to pecuniary advantage whatever talent they possess, however homely it may be….<br /><br />We enter upon our fifth year with courage and hope—in any event, resting upon the promise that our work shall be accepted according to what we have, and not according to what we have not. <br /><br />Respectfully submitted, <br />Mrs. W. T. Richardson, Recording Secretary.
Richardson, W. T. (Mrs.)
MSC0037-AnnualReport, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="The Valentine">The Valentine</a>
The Valentine
NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY<br /><br />This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work members
Members stand outside the Exchange for Woman's Work at 203 East Franklin Street, Richmond, Va.
MSC0037-Photo, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="The Valentine">The Valentine</a>
c. 1930
The Valentine
COPYRIGHT NOT EVALUATED<br /><br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has not been evaluated. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work [card]
Card describing the mission of the Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work. <br /><br />The Exchange for Woman’s Work, founded in 1883, was part of the Woman’s Exchange movement started in Philadelphia in 1832. Exchanges were popular places for women in hardship to sell goods on consignment without working publicly, a social taboo at the time. <br /><br />Some Exchanges still operate, and while the Richmond Exchange closed in 1955, it launched several female-owned businesses including Sally Bell’s Kitchen, still in business. Its founders—Elizabeth Lee Milton and Sarah Cabell Jones—met through the Richmond Woman’s Exchange. <br /><br />Card text: <br /><br />This depot for the exhibition and sale of the handiwork of needy women has always on hand an assortment of dainty crochetted and knitted goods, toilet sets, fancy and plain needle-work and painting, besides delicious home-made biscuit, cake, jellies, pickles, beef-tea, and delicacies for the sick. <br /><br />Strangers in the city may here find suitable souvenirs of their visit, and at the same time assist a deserving class of workers.
<p><a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=80b40e9c-921f-438d-96d4-58ee47bb423a">Manuscripts, Call Number Mss1 K2588 a 117-123</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society</p>
<p> </p>
1880s
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</p>
<p>The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work [correspondence and ephemera]
This correspondence and ephemera pertain to the Richmond Exchange for Woman’s Work, founded in 1883, part of the Woman’s Exchange movement started in Philadelphia in 1832. <br /><br />Exchanges were popular places for women in hardship to sell goods on consignment without working publicly, a social taboo at the time. Some Exchanges still operate, and while the Richmond Exchange closed in 1955, it launched several female-owned businesses including Sally Bell’s Kitchen, still in business. Its founders—Elizabeth Lee Milton and Sarah Cabell Jones—met through the Richmond Woman’s Exchange.
<a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=80b40e9c-921f-438d-96d4-58ee47bb423a">Manuscripts, Call Number Mss1 K2588 a 117-123</a><span> and </span><a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=5fb5c2f9-640e-4075-991d-ee8257ffed15">Manuscripts, Call Number Mss1 M3855 c 4024</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
1880s
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</p>
<p>The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work, 309 East Franklin Street [pamphlet]
This ephemera pertains to the Richmond Exchange for Woman’s Work, founded in 1883, part of the Woman’s Exchange movement started in Philadelphia in 1832. <br /><br />Exchanges were popular places for women in hardship to sell goods on consignment without working publicly, a social taboo at the time. Some Exchanges still operate, and while the Richmond Exchange closed in 1955, it launched several female-owned businesses including Sally Bell’s Kitchen, still in business. Its founders—Elizabeth Lee Milton and Sarah Cabell Jones—met through the Richmond Woman’s Exchange. <br /><br />A handwritten note at the document's end records "From March 1st 1883 <br />to March 1st 1884 <br />$2430.80 was paid <br />to consigners -" <br /><br />Printed text excerpts: <br /><br />The Association has been organized to aid ladies whose pecuniary circumstances require them to make their own handiwork a means of their support, and also to afford an opportunity by which work may be sold for charitable purposes. <br /><br />The rooms of the Exchange are located in a convenient part of the city, and there useful and domestic, fancy and artistic articles are exhibited and sold. Orders for work of all descriptions may be given, and purchasers of tasteful and useful articles may relieve the wants of others while gratifying their own taste.<br />
<a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=5fb5c2f9-640e-4075-991d-ee8257ffed15">Manuscripts, Call Number Mss1 M3855 c 4024</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
1880s
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Exchange+for+Woman%27s+Work" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to The Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Exchange for Woman's Work - Interior, Richmond, Va.
Photograph of the interior of the Richmond Exchange for Woman's Work, 203 East Franklin Street, Richmond, Va. <br /><br /><span>The Richmond Exchange for Woman’s Work, founded in 1883, part of the Woman’s Exchange movement that began in Philadelphia in 1832. The Association was <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/544" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="source of following quotation">begun by women</a> "to aid ladies whose pecuniary circumstances require them to make their own handiwork a means of their support, and also to afford an opportunity by which work may be sold for charitable purposes." The Richmond Exchange operated until 1955. <br /></span>
unknown
MSC0037-Photo, <a href="https://thevalentine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="The Valentine">The Valentine</a>.
c. 1930
The Valentine
COPYRIGHT NOT EVALUATED<br /><br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has not been evaluated. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br />Sander, K. W. (1998). <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eYzOke6Jpl4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="preview of this book">The Business of charity: The woman's exchange movement, 1832-1900</a>. </em>Urbana: University of Illinois <br /><br />Jones, D. G. (2001). A box lunch. Richmond, Va.: D. Jones.<br /><br /><a href="http://wefed.blogspot.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Federation of Woman's Exchanges website">Federation of Woman's Exchanges </a><br /><br />Richmond <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Woman%27s+Exchange+Movement" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="materials related to the Exchange">Exchange for Woman's Work</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Kate Waller Barrett [photograph]
Photographic portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. Barrett was one of the first women medical doctors in the south. She co-founded the National Florence Crittenton Mission with Charles Nelson Crittenton. The organization focused on the needs of unwed mothers and prostitutes ("fallen women"). Barrett was instrumental in helping unwed mothers become an acceptable subject of philanthropy.
M 9 Box 239, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED <br /><br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.<br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/people/barrett-kate-waller/" target="_blank" title="info on Dr. K. W. Barrett" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kate Waller Barrett</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/organizations/florence-crittenton-mission/" target="_blank" title="Florence Crittenton Mission" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florence Crittenton Mission</a>, Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Kate+Waller+Barrett" target="_blank" title="materials related to Kate Waller Barrett" rel="noreferrer noopener">Kate Waller Barrett</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Members of the Virginia League of Women Voters, January 1923, Alexandria, Va.
Members of the Virginia League of Women Voters meeting in Alexandria, Virginia on February 3, 1923.<br /><br />Identification from back of photo <br />Left to right: <br />Mrs. <a href="https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.asp?b=Matthews_Sarah_Mason_Sandridge" target="_blank" title="Dictionary of Virginia Biography" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sarah Matthews</a>, Norfolk <br /><a href="https://www.lva.virginia.gov/exhibits/destiny/votes/mrsjohnlewis.htm" target="_blank" title="Broadside of Mrs. Lewis' speech" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mrs. John H. Lewis (Eliz. Langer Lewis)</a>, Lynchburg <br />Miss Adele Clark, Richmond <br />Miss Helen Christian, Richmond <br /><br />A <a href="https://www.loc.gov/resource/hec.31823/" target="_blank" title="Meeting of Va League of Women Voters" rel="noreferrer noopener">photograph of the entire group</a> is held by the Library of Congress. <br /><br />This photograph was published on page 1 of the <a href="https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=AG19230126.1.1&srpos=1&e=26-01-1923-----en-20--1--txt-txIN--------" target="_blank" title="Alexandria Gazette via Virginia Chronicle" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Alexandria Gazette,</em> <em>139</em>(23), January 26, 1923</a>.
Harris & Ewing
M 9 Box 242, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1923 February 3
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT<br />The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Acknowledgment of VCU Libraries as a source is requested.
Laws of Virginia with Regard to Women Contrasted with Laws Where Women Vote [Equal Suffrage League handbill]
This sheet compares Virginia laws pertaining to women with those of states where female suffrage already had been approved. Arranged in two contrasting columns, the sheet presents twelve points and includes an Equal Suffrage League of Virginia enrollment form on the second page. Laws covered include those relating to property rights, inheritance, and parental guardianship.<br /><br />The League was founded in 1909 and included prominent women such as Adèle Clark, Ellen Glasgow, Mary Johnston, Mary Munford, Nora Houston, and Lila Meade Valentine (the league’s first president). After a decade of failure to convince Virginia’s representatives that women should have the vote, the League switched focus to winning Congressional passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. <br />
Equal Suffrage League of Virginia
<a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=f3b8ddd0-07da-4565-a2bd-a3e347b7b058">Rare Books, Call Number JK1901 .L42 1910z</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
1910s
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, Virginia Historical Society
<p>NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</p>
<p>The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br /> Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.</p>
Occupations for Women. A Study Made for the Southern Woman's Educational Alliance.
Orie Latham Hatcher, Ph.D. was head of the Bureau of Vocations in Virginia, a group founded in 1915. <br /><br />Dr. Hatcher and the work of the Bureau of Vocations was described in <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.c2572263&view=2up&seq=150" target="_blank" title="read "The Virginia Teacher" through HathiTrust.org" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>The Virginia Teacher </em>(vol. 2, no. 5, p. 128)</a>:<br /><br />"She is the head of a unique institution, the Bureau of Vocation of Virginia, which was founded six years ago in Richmond, under her inspiration. This institution exerts a strong educational influence. It inspires women first, to the best general education possible, then to adequate special training in some one field of work wisely chosen."<br /><br /><em>Occupations for Women</em> contains a preliminary essay written by Hatcher entitled "Women Who Work," in which Hatcher presents the various points of view related to women working outside the home at different stages of life. Towards the end of the essay, Hatcher describes "Signs of Progress" and "Handicaps to Progress."<br /><br /> Excerpts from that essay, and the introduction to the section of the book dealing with Social Work, are presented here.
Hatcher, Orie Latham, editor
<a href="https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/f/62kaa7/VCU_ALMA21360017660001101" target="_blank" title="Occupations for Women catalog record" rel="noreferrer noopener">Special Collections and Archives</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Southern Woman's Educational Alliance
1927
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
IN COPYRIGHT <br /><br />This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).<br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/bureau-of-vocations-for-women-september-1915-womans-occupational-bureau/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Richmond Times-Dispatch article 1915">Bureau of Vocations for Women, September 1915. (Woman’s Occupational Bureau)</a>, Social Welfare History Project <br /><br />War Open Up New Fields For Women's Endeavor...Vocations Bureau is Active. <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1917-07-01/ed-1/seq-8/" target="_blank" title=""War Opens Up New Fields for Women's Endeavor...Vocations Bureau Is Active"" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond times-dispatch. (Richmond, Va.), 01 July 1917</a>. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. <br /><br />Professional Building for Women is Unique. <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1918-08-11/ed-1/seq-33/" target="_blank" title="read the article" rel="noreferrer noopener">Richmond times-dispatch. (Richmond, Va.), 11 August 1918</a>. Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. See also the location <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/@37.5435093,-77.4406527,3a,90y,40.05h,93t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sBJP5i_05WhawrG2khb9veQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656" target="_blank" title="Site of Bureau of Vocations for Women" rel="noreferrer noopener">210 E. Grace St</a>., Richmond, Va.<br /><br />Willard, Frances E. (1897). <a href="https://archive.org/details/occupationsforwo00will/page/n5" target="_blank" title="read this book through HathiTrust.org" rel="noreferrer noopener">Occupations for Women</a>.
[Working Woman. Fred O. Seibel editorial cartoon, 1922]
Editorial cartoon created by Fred O. Seibel in 1922, and published in<em> The Knickerbocker Press</em>. Mounted and identified as no. 1503.<br /><br />Image Description: A smiling woman sits at her office typewriter, grateful that she is not doing manual labor on the farm.
Seibel, Fred O.
M 23, Box 3, cartoon no. 1503, <a target="_blank" title="finding aid" href="https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00068.xml" rel="noreferrer noopener">Frederick Otto Seibel papers, 1882-1968</a>. James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries.
1922
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use.<br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/" target="_blank" title="Rights Statement" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Please acknowledge VCU Libraries as a source.
Learn more: <br /><br /><a href="https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/women-working-1800-1930?utm_source=library.harvard" target="_blank" title="Digital Collection related to women working" rel="noreferrer noopener">Women Working, 1800-1930.</a> Harvard Digital Collections <br /><a href="https://www.dol.gov/wb/stats/stats_data.htm" target="_blank" title="Women's Bureau, DOL, data and statistics" rel="noreferrer noopener">Data and statistics</a>. Women's Bureau. U. S. Department of Labor<br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Women_by_occupation" target="_blank" title="List of categories, Wikipedia" rel="noreferrer noopener">Women by occupation</a>. Wikipedia Category
Headquarters News Letter, Vol. II, No. V, May 15, 1916. National American Woman Suffrage Association
Newsletter published by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. <br /><br />Editorial cartoon on cover by <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=C.+D.+Batchelor" target="_blank" title="Materials related to C.D. Batchelor" rel="noreferrer noopener">C. D. Batchelor</a> is captioned, "IF YOU WOULD HAVE A FRIEND, <span style="text-decoration:underline;">BE ONE!</span>" It shows a woman (suffrage) standing with her arms draped over a donkey (at left) and an elephant (at right). Two banners are crossed behind her: "St. Louis (walk less) Suffrage Parade" and "Chicago Suffrage Parade." <br /><br />The article on pp. 6-7 "All aboard for Chicago!" begins "Chicago will be the suffrage center of the United States on June 7th." The article continues, "In the parade, which promises to be the biggest ever held in the Middle West, will be delegations of women from all parts of the country, bouyantly marching behind bands of martial music and keeping step to the beat of a single thought--that of impressing upon the masculine voters of this country the necessity of having the National Republican Convention insert an equal suffrage plank in its national party platform."
National American Woman Suffrage Association
M 9 Box 49, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1916 May 15
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT<br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Acknowledgment of VCU Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=National+American+Woman+Suffrage+Association" target="_blank" title="materials related to NAWSA" rel="noreferrer noopener">National American Woman Suffrage Association</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=cartoon" target="_blank" title="See more editorial cartoons" rel="noreferrer noopener">Editorial cartoons</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Girls Home, 502 W. Clay Street, Richmond, Va. [brochure]
<p>This informational brochure describes "interesting facts about the object, origin and progress" of a working-girls' home for self-supporting African American women in Richmond, Va. The project, described as a technical training school, was established in 1919 as a project of the National Protective League for Negro Girls and the Richmond Neighborhood Association. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ora_Brown_Stokes_Perry#cite_note-VCU-4" target="_blank" title="Ora Brown Stokes Perry" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ora Brown Stokes</a> (Perry), a social activist, was a leader in both organizations. <br /><br />p.1 "Our Club Home. An 'Inspiration Point' for Self-Supporting Women and Girls for 'These are they that maintain the fabric of the world, and without them is no city builded.'"<br /><br />From p. 2 "The object of the Girls' Home is to provide and maintain a home which will solve the problem of the colored woman and girl of good character who comes to Richmond for the purpose of advancement, often without relatives, friends, or money; to surround them with Christian influences, to elevate the standard of employment, to provide a social center for women and girls."<br /><br />"The Home is managed by a splendid board with Mrs. Artena J. Miller as the efficient chairman. Mrs. Alice Holmes Watkins is the splendid House mother." <br /><br />"Our President, who is the Probation officer for women and girls, investigated the cause for the downfall of so many girls and women who came to the city. The cause was found to be that upon entereing the city they ofttimes found no one to direct them rightly and they were often sent by strangers to questionable places for room and board and the path downward was entered before they even knew it." <br /><br />"It is the only one of its kind which is being carried on by women of the race. The white friends has assisted largely by financial contributions and words of encouragement....Mrs. Ora Brown Stokes, President." <br /><br />The song "The Clarion Call" composed by Ora B. Stokes (September 5, 1915) and dedicated to Pocahontas Camp Fire Girls, Richmond, Va. is printed on the back of this brochure. The song was to be sung to <a href="https://youtu.be/k88PSXys6uc" target="_blank" title="hear the tune" rel="noreferrer noopener">the tune of "Loyalty to Christ"</a> [From Over Hill and Plain] composed by Flora Hamilton Cassel. <br /><br />Along with Ora Brown Stokes (President), other officers of the Richmond Neighborhood Association included Mrs. Harriet E. Thompson, Mrs. Maggie M. Hill, Mrs. Rosa Sutton Caffee, Miss Lucy, A. Peters, Mrs. Alice H. Kersey, Mrs. T. Everett Johnson. <br /><br />Officers of the National Protective League for Negro Girls include Mrs. Ora Brown Stokes (Richmond), Mrs. W. T. B. Williams (Hampton), Miss Lillian Coleman (Fredericksburg), Miss Martha Fowlkes (Richmond), Miss Ruth Morris (Richmond), and Mrs. Theresa J. Diamond (Fredericksburg). <br /><br />This home is sometimes referred to as the Home for Working Girls. </p>
Perry, Ora Brown Stokes
M 9 Box 37, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED<br /><br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><br /><span>Bonis, Ray (2019). <a href="https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.asp?b=Stokes_Ora_Brown">Ora E. Brown Stokes (1882–1957)</a>. In </span><i><span>Dictionary of Virginia Biography</span></i><span>.<br /></span>Lehman, Angela (2023). <a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/social-work/ora-brown-stokes-and-the-richmond-neighborhood-association/">Ora Brown Stokes and the Richmond Neighborhood Association,</a> Social Welfare History Project<br /><a href="https://gallery.library.vcu.edu/exhibits/show/making-vcu/early-social-work-history" target="_blank" title="Early social work history at Virginia Commonwealth University" rel="noreferrer noopener">Early social work history</a>, Making VCU, VCU Libraries Gallery<br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Ora+Brown+Stokes" target="_blank" title="materials related to Ora Brown Stokes" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ora Brown Stokes</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Why Should Women Vote? An Appeal to Gallant Men. [suffrage pamphlet]
Pro-suffrage pamphlet containing editorial cartoons by <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Lou+Rogers" target="_blank" title="cartoons by Lou Rogers" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lou Rogers</a>, Phil Porter, and <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=John+T.+McCutcheon" target="_blank" title="cartoons by John T. McCutcheon" rel="noreferrer noopener">John T. McCutcheon</a>, along with a map showing where women can vote.<br /><br />Excerpts: <br /><br />p.1 (cover) "WHY SHOULD WOMEN VOTE? <br />This booklet contains all the OBJECTIONS to woman suffrage, their ANSWERS, and the CREAM of all that has been said or written on this subject from Moses and Plato down to Saint Paul and the year of our Lord, 1915. <br /><br />The map that's more than half woman suffrage already -- what's the matter with making it ALL woman suffrage?<br /><br />In the LIGHT States, women enjoy full suffrage. In the shaded States, women have taxation, bond, or school suffrage. In Illinois, women have Presidential, partial county and State, and municipal suffrage. In the DARK States, women have NO vote at all. <br /><br />AN APPEAL TO GALLANT MEN."<br /><br />p. 4 "Which side will get YOUR vote?...<br /><br />Chief Justice Green said, 'The opponents of woman suffrage in Washington find themselves allied with a solid phalanx of gamblers, pimps, prostitutes, drunkards and drunkard-makers.' <br /><br />When respectable people find themselves in alliance with scoundreldom, is it not worth while to stop and consider whether they have not taken their stand in the wrong company?"
M 9 Box 50, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1915
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES <br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Register! Vote!
Poster reprinted from <em>Collier's </em>encouraging qualified citizens to register and vote in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" target="_blank" title="1924 presidential election" rel="noreferrer noopener">1924 presidential election</a>. Voter turnout that year would fall short of the <a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/data/voter-turnout-in-presidential-elections" target="_blank" title="voter turnout statistics for U.S. presidential elections" rel="noreferrer noopener">1920</a> count. <br /><br />Text: <br /><br />Register! Vote!<br />Don't be a parlor patriot. Don't be a rocking-chair Paul Revere. <br />How Qualified Citizens Voted: <br />1896......80%<br />1900......73% <br />1912......62% <br />1920......49% <br />Let's Make 1924 the Year of the Big Vote <br /><br />Reprinted from Collier's, The National Weekly
M 9 Box 81, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED<br /><br />The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/</a>
Learn more: <br /><a href="COPYRIGHT%20UNDETERMINED" target="_blank" title="Discovery Set. Controlling the Vote." rel="noreferrer noopener">Controlling the Vote -- Rights. Registration. Representation.</a> Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal
Vote. [League of Women Voters poster by Louis Bonhajo]
Poster shows a muse-like figure pointing towards the Capitol as a woman deposits her ballot into a locked ballot box. The voting woman holds the hand of a small female child dressed in pink.<br /><br />Poster text: "VOTE / League of Women Voters" <br /><br /><span>Printed by Erie Litho & Ptg Co.<br />Illustration by Louis Valentine Bonhajo (1885-1970) </span>
League of Women Voters
M 9 Box 233 f7, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a> (location Oversize Ephemera Material in Map Drawer #23), James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1920
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a> <br /><br />Acknowledgment of Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Letter to H. D. Dillard from Martin L. Calhoun, Alabama Male Association Opposed to Woman's Suffrage [typed letter, signed]
Letter from Martin L. Calhoun, Secretary Treasurer of the Alabama Male Association Opposed to Woman's Suffrage dated 15 August 1919. <br /><br />The letter was sent to the Hon. H. D. Dillard (of Franklin County, Va.), General Assembly, Richmond, Va. <br /><br />Calhoun is opposed to the Fifteenth Amendment (which prohibits the federal government and each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude") and the ratification of the proposed "Anthony Amendment" (which would become the Nineteenth Amendment). The letter associates woman suffrage, African American suffrage, and socialism. <br /><br /><br />The organization's platform is printed on this letterhead near the top of the page. <br /><br />"Platform:--The Alabama Male Association Opposed to Woman's Suffrage--<br />Stands for HOME and NATIONAL DEFENSE aggainst Woman's Suffrage, Feminismand Socialism. For MAN-POWER in Government, believing that Democracy must be STRONG to be SAFE. For the PRESERVATION of the established foundations of the American Republic as a Model for the World. For the RECOGNITION and ENFORCEMENT of the INHERENT RIGHT of EACH STATE to control the question of Woman's Suffrage for ITSELF. For EFFICIENCY and PROGRESS without Waste and Duplication in Government. For the CONSERVATION of the BEST WOMANHOOD of all conditions and stations in life, along NON-PARTISAN lines, so that the interests of Womanhood, Childhood and Civilization may be advanced FREE from the strife and division of politics, factions and parties. For the retention of the BEST IDEALS of the past, adapted to the advantages and opportunities given women under modern conditions, so that the FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES of Morality, of Patriotism and of World Progress may be more firmly established in the present and future generations."<br /><br />Excerpt of letter text:<br />"Susan B. Anthony was instrumental in securing the Fifteenth Article to the Federal Constitution, the adoption of which has always stood as a blot on the escutchen of our Country. Her purpose and intent was to further humiliate and oppress the then down trodden South. This in itself should condemn her namesake in the heart of every true Southerner. <br /><br />We are calling upon all the Southern States to REJECT [handwritten in margin "(it now)"] her namesake and if we can get the twelve Southern States to the two which have rejected - Georgia and Alabama - we can bury Old Susan where she belongs. <br /><br />If we, of the South, surrender our control of suffrage to the Federal Government we should not complain of the Fifteenth Amendment or what may follow under the adoption of the Anthony Amendment, for we would be traitors to that grand martyr of your State- Robert E. Lee and we are not worthy of our sires."
Calhoun, Martin L.
M 9 Box 51, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1919 August 15
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT <br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/alabama-opposition-suffrage" target="_blank" title="Letter from the Alabama Male Association Opposed to Woman's Suffrage" rel="noreferrer noopener">Letter from the Alabama Male Association Opposed to Woman's Suffrage</a>, DocsTeach, National Archives
Equal Suffrage League of Richmond, Va., February, 1915
Equal Suffrage League of Richmond, Va. in front of Washington Monument, Capitol Square, Richmond. The members of the ESL were promoting the suffrage film, "<a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/woman-suffrage/your-girl-and-mine-suffrage-film/" target="_blank" title="story of this photograph and the film" rel="noreferrer noopener">Your Girl and Mine.</a>" <br /><br />Photo published in <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045389/1915-02-28/ed-1/seq-42/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>The Times-Dispatch</em>: Richmond, Va., February 28, 1915, p. 10</a> <br /><br /><p>Members of the Equal Suffrage League photographed that day:</p>
<p>(left to right in car) Mrs. G. Harvey Clarke (<a href="http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.asp?b=Clarke_Mary_Ellen_Pollard&_ga=2.175183970.1173708905.1558717188-1276624888.1558717188" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mary Ellen Pollard Clarke</a>), Mrs. Roy Knight Flannagan (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/93140564/lucy-catesby-flannagan" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lucy Catesby Jones Flannagan</a>),<span> </span><a href="http://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/items/show/94" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nora Houston</a>, Mrs. John Grant Armistead (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/40540426/rosalie-fontaine-armistead" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Rosalie Fontaine Jones Armistead</a>), Mrs.<span> </span><a href="http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.asp?b=Taylor_Alice_Overbey&_ga=2.185137257.1173708905.1558717188-1276624888.1558717188" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Alice Overbey Taylor</a>, Mrs. Della E. Hooker (widow of J. W. Hooker), Mrs. Charles Vivian Meredith (<a href="https://richmondmagazine.com/news/features/richmond-suffragist-sophie-meredith/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sophie “Posie” Meredith</a>), Mrs. Georgia May Johnson (identified on photo as Mrs. Frank L. Johnson; perhaps Mrs.<span> </span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hmQ9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA15&lpg=PA15&dq=francis+l+johnson+old+dominion+coal+corp&source=bl&ots=bETL0B_lEw&sig=ACfU3U2hYihe-aIG6jsYMAGaLf5lrnXvnw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi79tSa99fiAhUj1lkKHRjKDOsQ6AEwAHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=francis%20l%20johnson%20old%20dominion%20coal%20corp&f=false" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Francis L. Johnson</a>)</p>
<p>(left to right outside car)<span> </span><a href="https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00102.xml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Clark</a>, Mrs. Archer Gracchus Jones (<a href="http://www.thepoeblog.org/museum-recreates-poes-richmond/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Annie Boyd Jones</a>), Mrs. John Garland Pollard (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/37651927/grace-pollard" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Grace Phillips Pollard</a>), Mrs. Carter Wormeley (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/19513230/sarah-wormeley" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sarah Harvie Wormeley</a>), Mrs. Earnest Meade (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/93376565/aline-jennings-mead" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Aline Jennings Mead</a>(e),<span> </span><a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29082011/visitors_at_wedding_of_aline_jennings/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mrs. Earnest C. B. Meade</a>),<span> </span><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/57096212/lynda-mcclanahan-vaughan" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lynda McCalanahan Koiner</a>, Mrs.<span> </span><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/15612088/james-stuart-reynolds" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">James Stuart Reynolds</a><span> </span>(<a href="https://www.spectator.co.uk/2006/09/the-boogie-and-ginnie-double-act/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Virginia “Boogie” Dickinson Reynolds</a>), Mrs. W. Hill Urquhart (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/20794946/dorothy-gordon-urquhart" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dorothy Gordon Tait Urquhart</a>), Mrs. W. W. Foster (<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/147546190/carrie-palmore-foster" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Carrie Palmore Hughes Foster</a>)</p>
M 9 Box 242, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
1915 February
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
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Learn more: <br />Campbell, A.W. (2019). <a href="https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/woman-suffrage/your-girl-and-mine-suffrage-film/" target="_blank" title="Your Girl and Mine (suffrage film)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Your Girl and Mine (suffrage film)</a>, Social Welfare History Project <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/browse?tags=Equal+Suffrage+League" target="_blank" title="Equal Suffrage League" rel="noreferrer noopener">Equal Suffrage League</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
“V is for Virginia” [broadside]
In 1944, military leaders struggled to maintain troop levels as casualties mounted in World War II. The Navy Women’s Reserve Act, signed into law in 1942, authorized women to become part of the group called Women Accepted for Volunteer Service—commonly known as WAVES. <br /><br />By 1945, some 86,000 reservists were on duty. Women served in myriad roles during the war, running the gamut from clerks and drivers to machinists and radio operators, as well as doctors, engineers, and attorneys. <br /><br />This Richmond broadside encourages women to volunteer to become part of the “all-Virginia WAVES group.”<br /><br />Text:<br /><br />V is for VIRGINIA, the Old Dominion State which has given so generously of her men and women in every cause of justice, righteousness, and democracy. <br /><br />V is for VICTORY, which requires the energy and effort of every man and woman to bring the war to a quick and sure end. <br /><br />V is for VOLUNTEER, as in Virginia Victory Volunteers, the all-Virginia WAVES group in which Virginia women are enlisting during August and September 1944 to achieve the Victory we all desire. <br /><br />Investigate YOUR opportunity today!<br />Volunteer at any U.S. Navy Recruiting Station or Office of Naval Officer Procurement; <br />(5th & Cary Sts., Richmond 19, Va.)
United States Navy
<a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=b11967ef-df7b-4e53-af99-d2c326a299a2" target="_blank" title="Broadsides 1944:4" rel="noreferrer noopener">Broadside Collection, Call Number 1944:4</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History & Culture, Virginia Historical Society
1944
Virginia Museum of History & Culture, Virginia Historical Society
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.
Equal Suffrage and the Negro Vote [broadside]
This broadside was issued by the Equal Suffrage League in about 1916. <br /><br />Southern suffragists were forced to respond to anti-suffrage groups who argued that if African American women gained the right to vote, white supremacy would be threatened. Although some prominent suffragists claimed that their response was borne only out of expedience, and not principle, they nonetheless employed Jim Crow arguments by emphasizing the power of the literacy test and the poll tax.
Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia
<a href="http://librarycatalog.virginiahistory.org/final/Portal/Default.aspx?component=AAAAIY&record=7491bc35-de43-4df5-bc24-c73a55b94ac4" target="_blank" title="Broadsides 1916:1" rel="noreferrer noopener">Broadside Collection, Call Number 1916:1</a>, Library of the Virginia Museum of History & Culture, Virginia Historical Society
c. 1916
Virginia Museum of History & Culture, Virginia Historical Society
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES<br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Historical Society as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/items/show/75" target="_blank" title="The Negro Vote in the South." rel="noreferrer noopener">The Negro Vote in the South. A Southern Woman's Viewpoint</a>, Social Welfare History Image Portal
The History of Trade Unionism among Women in Boston.
A brief historical overview of the relationship between unionism and working women in Boston. This approach attempts to identify the causes for the wage and employment disparities of working women in comparison to working men, and therefore suggesting this inequality as the central reason for Boston’s working women link with unionism. <br /><br />Additionally, the booklet touches upon a handful of various labor unions organized exclusively by working women that lived and operated within the city of Boston during the turn of the century. <br /><br />These three pages represent an excerpt of a larger work. The <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044004319224;view=2up;seq=6" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="read the entire publication">entire 33-page publication</a> may be read through HathiTrust.org.
The Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL)
<a href="https://www.simmons.edu/library/archives/collections/charities" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Simmons University Archives Charities Collection">Simmons University Archives Charities Collection</a>
1906
Simmons University Library
NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY<br /><br />This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/</a>
MEN. You are making "The World Safe for Democracy." [anti-suffrage handbill]
Echoing Woodrow Wilson's request for a Declaration of War in 1917, this handbill argued that women should be free from political duties just as they were free from the duty of fighting in war. <br /><br />The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_Opposed_to_Woman_Suffrage#Virginia_Association_Opposed_to_Woman_Suffrage" target="_blank" title="VAOWS on Wikipedia" rel="noreferrer noopener">Virginia Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage</a>, formed in Richmond, Va. in 1912. This group of women was associated with the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage.<br /><br />Excerpts: <br /><br />"MEN. You are making 'The World Safe for Democracy.' And also safe for women. That your Mothers, Sisters and Wives may never have to suffer as the women of Belgium and France have suffered. <br />ALL WOMEN THANK YOU <br />Men manage most of our business.<br />Our Government is a very big business. <br />Most women want men to manage our Government. <br />Only a few women want suffrage. <br />Shall these few women force all women into politics? <br />Women can do their bit best outside of Politics. <br />Our hands are full already with work which only women can do. <br />Women are free from the duty of fighting. <br />Protect us in our right to be free from political duties."
Virginia Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage
M 9 Box 51, <a href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/vcu/repositories/5/resources/279.oai_ead.xml" target="_blank" title="finding aid" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978</a>, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES <br /><br />The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. <br /><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/</a><br /><br />Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
Learn more: <br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_Opposed_to_Woman_Suffrage#Virginia_Association_Opposed_to_Woman_Suffrage" target="_blank" title="NAOWS" rel="noreferrer noopener">National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage</a>, Wikipedia <br /><br />Annotate a <a href="https://images.socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/files/original/52d6533d37ab0a57271d6fccca51bfda.pdf" target="_blank" title="PDF of this item" rel="noreferrer noopener">PDF of this item</a> with <a href="https://web.hypothes.is/" target="_blank" title="What is hypothes.is?" rel="noreferrer noopener">hypothes.is</a>