The Southern Frontier, vol. 2, no. 4
description: Published by Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), The Southern Frontier was a monthly newsletter, first issued in January, 1940. Aiming to share the stories overlooked by traditional newspapers, the newsletter published stories of social progress, as well as stories of racial injustices faced by African Americans across the American South. As described by the then President of the CIC Howard W. Odum, the name The Southern Frontier alludes to the need for even greater pioneering and progress in the social and cultural frontiers, the American South being the most turbulent field in reference to race relations and progress at the time. Vol. 4, No. 4 contains contributions by H. Bynum Selected articles are: “Education for Security” – An article describing the underfunded Southern school system in face of the large sums being spent on military funding for World War II. "An Open Letter to Eugene Talmadge (Governor of Georgia)" from The Macon News, regarding his veto of a state training school for African American girls. “`The Mind of the South’ `Lanterns on the Levee’” – Reviews of two books describing the psyche and culture of the American South. "Short Changed" -- an editorial cartoon from the Louisville Courier-Journal
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Jessie Daniel Ames Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching collection, 1930-1944, Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Seminary Library
date: 1941 April
contributor: Austin Seminary Archives, Stitt Library, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary Library
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia. Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal

Burnt Cork and Crime
description: Pamphlet published by the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, an organization which opposed lynching and promoted interracial dialogue and cooperation. Described on the cover as "stories summarized from press reports," the pamphlets relates incidents in which crimes were committed by persons posing as African Americans. These imposters blackened their faces and hands with burnt cork. Other stories describe false accusations by whites, and often white women, against black men. Excerpt from p.1 "In St. Louis some time ago a robber caught with blackened face stated that there was an organized group of white bandits who always operated under the mask of color. In this way, he said, it was easy to fool the officers, and in some cases even to assist in the search for the suspected Negro and 'identify' him when caught." p. 6 "The meaning is obvious, however, as it relates to hasty judgment, hysteria, mob violence, and the assumption that every Negro is guilty who anybody seeks to accuse. It suggests also that the statistics of Negro crime, now happily changing for the better, might be further lightened if all the facts were known and the mask of color torn away."
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Race Relations Pamphlets, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
contributor: Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
rights: Copyright Undetermined. The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia.

A Practical Approach to the Race Problem. Origin and Work of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation.
description: A pamphlet explaining the origin and mission of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation, an organization founded in January, 1919 in Atlanta. The group sought to further "mutual understanding, peace, and good will" between the white and black communities. The group opposed lynching and mob violence, and sought to improve interracial attitudes, correct injustices and improve conditions affecting African Americans. The CIC was a moderate group that called itself a "movement" instead of an organization. "The philosophy of the movement is not that of 'seeking to solve the race problem,' but simply that of taking the next practicable step in the direction of interracial justice and good will" (p. 4).
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
source: Race Relations Pamphlets, Special Collections, William Smith Morton Library, Union Presbyterian Seminary
date: 1939 October
contributor: Union Presbyterian Seminary Library
rights: Copyright Undetermined. The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Social Welfare History Image Portal Pullen, Ann Ellis (2013). "Commission on Interracial Cooperation" New Georgia Encyclopedia.

The Opinion of Those Who Ought to Know: What Representative Negroes Say of the Interracial Movement [pamphlet]
description: A compilation of quotations from prominent Southern African Americans on the Commission on Interracial Cooperation. Included are Robert Russa Moton, Mary McLeod Bethune, Dr. Isaac Fisher, Dr. Alfred Lawless and others. Founded in Atlanta in 1919, the CIC functioned as the major race reform organization in the South during the period between the world wars. While it never openly challenged segregation or advocated racial equality, it did strive for an end to racial violence and for better treatment for all classes of black men and women (Bridging the Gap: The Commission on Interracial Cooperation, 2009). Excerpt, p.2 "Dr. R. R. Moton, Principal Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Ala.: 'The usefulness of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation has very far exceeded anything that I expected of it. Its actual service to the cause of mutual understanding and good will between the races has abundantly justified the time, labor, money and thought that have been put into it....'" p.3 "Mrs. Mary McLeod Bethune, President National Association of Colored Women: 'No agency has contributed more to the establishment and maintenance of tolerable relations between the black and white races in the South than has the Interracial Commission....A decrease in lynchings, an improvement in educational facilities, a sympathetic study of the Negro in clleges and universities, and the appearance of influential Negro leaders before selected audiences of white people, to discuss the race question from the Negro's angle, are some of the unusual and salutary concrete results of the activities of the Interracial Commission.'"
creator: Commission on Interracial Cooperation, Atlanta, Ga.
source: M 9 Box 100, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: Commission on Interracial Cooperation
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: "Bridging the Gap: The Commission on Interracial Cooperation" Documenting the American South, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Literacy and the Right to Vote. CLSA Reports: Information Bulletin, No. 2, May 15, 1962.
description: This information bulletin is a publication of the Commission on Law and Social Action of the American Jewish Congress. The four-page document, written by CLSA director Leo Pfeffer, discusses the topic of literacy tests and voter registration, particularly as a tool of discrimination against Black and immigrant voting. Pfeffer also considers literacy in languages other than English. This American Jewish Congress bulletin is from the National Conference of Christians and Jews, Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project and is part of a resource files on discrimination in voting. It discusses the use of literacy tests as a means to prevent voting. Excerpts: p.1 Today, however there is no widespread demand that literacy tests for voters be completely abolished. What is in issue is the use of such tests to discriminate against members of minority ethnic groups. The major victims in the South are the Negroes and in New York Puerto Ricans who are literate only in Spanish and Jews literate only in Yiddish. It is no accident that literacy tests should be so popular in the South. Their origin is to be found in the search by the Southern states to find ways to defeat the objective of the 15th Amendment which sought to secure the Negro's right to vote. Among other (e.g., poll tax, white promaries, etc.) the literacy test was hit upon as such a device. While this did effectively bar the polls to many Negroes, it had the disadvantage from the Southerner's viewpoint of also disenfranchising many whites who likewise were illiterate. To get around this, the "grandfather clause" was invented. This was a provision in the statute which exempted from the requirement of literacy anyone who was a descendant of a person who voted before 1866, in effect meaning any white person. p.2 Typical of the administration of literacy tests in the South is the explanation given by a Louisiana registrar to an investigator of the Civil Right Commission for her practice of asking for constitutional int…
creator: Commission on Law and Social Action of the American Jewish Congress
source: National Conference of Christians and Jews records (SW0092). <a href="https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061/p16022coll453:11057?child_index=19&query=&sidebar_page=7" target="_blank" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://umedia.lib.umn.edu/item/p16022coll453:11061?q%3D%2522Voting%2Brights%2522&source=gmail&ust=1596631787427000&usg=AFQjCNE-srMJQt7FYy6BeuKGvSaecsHldQ" rel="noopener" title="University of Minnesota Libraries UMedia digital collections">Special Projects. Religious Freedom and Public Affairs Project. Discrimination in Voting. (Box 18, Folder 19) Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
date: 1962 May 15
contributor: Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/

"The Child Labor Amendment" to U.S. Constitution. [Anti- Child Labor Amendment pamphlet]
description: A report by the Committee on Industrial Relations to the New York Board of Trade and Transportation. The pamphlet states that a child labor amendment is not needed and that “…it makes a natural and sympathetic appeal calculated to forestall criticism or disarm antagonism…” (p.1) It also outlines arguments against the amendment, including that many problems of child labor have already been addressed; the amendment impinges on parent child relationships; that child labor issues are local rather than national ones and that states have the “necessary powers” to oversee them; and that an amendment would lead to the “Communistic or Bolshevistic Nationalization of Children.” (p. 6) The report is signed by the Committee on Industrial Relations William McCarroll, Chairman August Goldsmith Edwin S. Bayer Frank B. McCord E. C. Miller John G. Walber Dudley Farrand Adopted December 10, 1924 by New York Board of Trade and Transportation.
creator: Committee on Industrial Relations to the New York Board of Trade and Transportation
source: Paul U. Kellogg papers. Child Labor Amendment 1923-1927, Box 22 Folder 197, Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
date: 1924 December 10
contributor: Social Welfare History Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries
rights: The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Child Labor Amendment, Social Welfare History Image Portal "A Needed Amendment To Restrict Child Labor" The Nation. January, 1934. Social Welfare History Project Child Labor, Social Welfare History Project

Standards for the Employment of Women in Work on War Supplies as submitted to the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense
description: A report from the Committee on Women in Industry of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense. These standards include recommendations on tenement house work, child labor, protection of mothers, wages, hours, seats, extra heavy and extra hazardous occupations, dangerous trades, heavy lifting, and exposure to heat and cold. Header: Committee on Women in Industry of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense, Washington, D.C. "Your Committee on Women in Industry urges the adoption of the following standards for work done for the Government in order to secure the fullest possible protection for women wage-earners."
creator: Committee on Women in Industry. Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense.
source: M 86 Box 1, Roberta Wellford Collection of Women's Rights Ephemera 1915-1956, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: Committee on Women in Industry of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense
date: 1918
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Mother's Aid, Social Welfare History Project

State Capitation Tax receipts [poll tax receipts]
description: Virginia State Capitation Tax receipts from the various years. Note: Names and addresses have been removed from these receipts. Poll taxes have a long and contentious history in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Payment of the tax first became a requirement for voting in 1876, as part of an effort to make it more difficult for African Americans and poor whites to participate in elections. Beginning in 1904, Virginians could not register to vote without presenting proof of having paid the poll tax for each of the three years preceding an election. In March of 1966, in the case of Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the poll tax was unconstitutional. In 1970, the Virginia Constitution omitted authorization of the General Assembly to make payment of a poll tax a prerequisite for voting.
creator: Commonwealth of Virginia
source: M 68, Box 11, Edward H. Peeples, Jr. Papers, n.d., 1910, 1943-1994. Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO KNOWN COPYRIGHT The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Tarter, B. Poll Tax. Encyclopedia Virginia Poll tax, Social Welfare History Image Portal Suffrage in the South: The Poll Tax (1940), Social Welfare History Project Nurturing the Roots: 90for90 and Black Political Power. The Progressive, July 15, 2016.

Virginia State Board of Elections Bulletin No. 29, May 22, 1958 [blank sheet voter registration]
description: Bulletin No. 29 addressed To ALL REGISTRARS OF VIRGINIA. Stamped in red "Important Read Carefully." Excerpts: The 1958 session of the General Assembly made several changes in the Election Laws of Virginia stressing the duties of the registrars and the procedure to be followed by all the registrars throughout the State in registering applicants who are eligible to have their names placed on the registration books in order that a uniform system will be stictly adherred to. If each registrar will follow the procedure whih is outlined below, step by step, in registering voters, we believe he will be fully meeting the requirements of the new law. 1. Every person applying for registration should be furnished one of the Information Sheets, Form No. 1, which we have printed and are furnishing each registrar, containing the pertinenet provisions of Chapter 576 of the Acts of the 1958 General Assembly and Section 20 of the Constitution of Virginia. 2. The registrar shall furnish the applicant a sheet of paper containing no written or printed data; in other words, just a blank sheet of paper for the applicant to supply in his own handwriting the information required by Section 20 of the Constitution and Section 24-68 of the Code, which is as follows: 1. Name of applicant. 2. Age of applicant. 3. Date of applicant's birth. 4. Place of applicant's birth. 5. Residence of applicant at the time application is made. 6. Residence of applicant for one year next preceding the making of the application. 7. Occupation of applicant at the time application is made. 8. Occupation of applicant for one year next preceding the making of the application. 9. Whether applicant has previously voted. 10. If applicant has previously voted, the State, County and precinct in which applicant last voted. While making his application for registration, which must be done in the presence of the registrar, the applicant shall not be permitted to refer to any pamphlet, booklet or other memorandum, printed or…
creator: Commonwealth of Virginia, State Board of Elections
source: M 306 Box 2, folder 6, Richmond Crusade for Voters collection, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU LIbraries
date: 1958 May 22
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/ Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Nurturing the Roots: 90for90 and Black Political Power. The Progressive, July 15, 2016.

Sit-in Songs : Songs of the Freedom Riders
description: Songs recorded by participants in CORE's Freedom Highways project in the summer of 1962. The project was designed to open chain restaurants along major federal highways to all persons. Vinyl LP and songbook. Dauntless DM 4301, a division of Audio Fidelity Records Edward H. Peeples Collection
creator: Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
source: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1962
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Music & Social Reform, Social Welfare History Project Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), Social Welfare History Project

Wages of Saleswomen: What the United States Government Says and What the Consumers' League Knows
description: This pamphlet by the Consumers' League is an analysis of the 1907-1910 Bureau of Labor report on the condition of woman and child wage earners in the United States. Specifically, this pamphlet looks into the 391 girls who worked in New York City's department stores.
creator: Consumers' League
source: M 86 Box 1, Roberta Wellford Collection of Women's Rights Ephemera 1915-1956, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: J J O'BRIEN & SON
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Child Labor in New York City, Social Welfare History Project

Do You Know Where Your Clothes Are Washed? A Bulletin on Laundry Conditions in New York City
description: Do You Know Where Your Clothes Are Washed? A Bulletin on Laundry Conditions in New York City. Issued by The Consumers' League of the City of New York. This bulletin addresses the physical conditions, hours, and wages of laundries in New York City. "When Maggie Corbett, a fifteen year old girl, testified before the State Board of Mediation and Arbitration that she had worked in a public laundry for more than two years, and that she had often worked 14 or 15 hours in one day in a hot, steam-filled room, every housewife who read the newspapers was horrified that such a state of affairs could exist in an industry so closely connected with her own household economy."
creator: Consumers' League of the City of New York.
source: M 86 Box 1, Roberta Wellford Collection of Women's Rights Ephemera 1915-1956, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: Consumers' League of the City of New York.
date: [1912]
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Child Labor in New York City Tenements, Social Welfare History Project

Campaigning against Industrial Evils
description: Title printed across interior pages, "A Resume of the Work of the Consumers' League of the City of New York from January 1, 1914 to October 1, 1914" A pamphlet detailing the work and investigatory and legislative impact of the Consumers' League of the City of New York between January 1, 1914 to October 1, 1914. "The Consumers' League believes that the producing world is only the servant of the consuming world, and that the final direction of industry lies with the consumer."
creator: Consumers' League of the City of New York.
source: M 86 Box 1, Roberta Wellford Collection of Women's Rights Ephemera 1915-1956, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: Consumers' League of the City of New York.
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Company Unions and the American Federation of Labor (AFL), Social Welfare History Project

Virginia Home for Incurables, W. Broad and Robinson streets, Richmond, Virginia
description: In 1894, Mary Tinsley Greenhow, who as a teenager was paralyzed during a horse riding accident, founded the Virginia Home for Incurables. Disabled Richmonders needing life-long care lived at the home near Capitol Square. In 1898, the home moved to W. Broad and Robinson streets, across from the future site of the Science Museum of Virginia. It moved to its present location on Hampton Street in Byrd Park in 1930. The name shortened to The Virginia Home in 1963. Today, Virginia residents at least 18 years of age with an irreversible physical disability can apply for residence. The Virginia Home provides nursing and medical care, therapy, counseling services, job and recreational opportunities to its residents.
creator: Cook, Huestis P. (likely photographer)
source: Cook Collection, The Valentine,
date: c. 1900
contributor: The Valentine
rights: This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Passaic Textile Strike, 1926, Social Welfare History Project Passaic Textile Strike (1926) - film, Social Welfare History Project Labor, Social Welfare History Image Portal

“Open-air” classroom at Moore Street School, 1113 W. Moore Street, Richmond, Va.
description: In the early-20th century, Europe and the U.S. saw the rise of “open air” schools intended to create healthy environments to combat tuberculosis using the principles of sanatoria. Sometimes purpose-built, and sometimes converted spaces, open air schools provided fresh air and extra nutrition for at-risk youth. In the May 1917 issue of The Modern City, John H. Ferguson wrote about Richmond’s 16 open air schools: “Each school has a capacity of 20 children; and each one is always crowded, with a long waiting list. The children are selected from the entire public school system of the city by the school physician…Few of these children have tuberculosis even in its non-communicative forms, but they are all below par, physically, just in the right receptive condition to be fertile soil for the development of the disease.” A Richmond Times-Dispatch notice of March 2, 1915 (p. 7) noted fundraising activities of "prominent society women" in support of the open-air schools. These women served as tearoom hostesses in the palm garden of the Jefferson Hotel. Indoor golf was a popular activity for which "two handsome silver cups" were to be awarded at the conclusion of the season.
creator: Cook, Huestis P. (photographer)
source: Cook 1657, Cook Collection, The Valentine
date: 1916
contributor: The Valentine
rights: This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Tuberculosis, Social Welfare History Project Tuberculosis, Social Welfare History Image Portal Carr, Laura (2017). Open air schools: The fight against tuberculosis. The Valentine (blog) Open-Air Schools. Bulletin 1916, No. 23. Bureau of Education. Department of the Interior. via ERIC Goldsberry collection of open-air school photographs, Library of Congress 1930s: Open-Air Schools, Retronaut Does Cold Weather Sharpen a Schoolboy's Wits? The Scrap Book, 1908. pp. 883-884. via HathiTrust.org Nierenberg, A. (2019 October 27). Classrooms without walls and hopefully covid. New York Times.

Anti-tuberculosis play at Lyric Theatre, 901 E. Broad Street, Richmond, Va.
description: French bacteriologists Albert Calmette (1863–1933) and Camille Guérin (1872–1961) finalized the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for tuberculosis in 1921. The vaccine remains the only tuberculosis vaccine in use today. While not perfect, it is one of the most widely used vaccines and reaches more than 80 percent of all children in countries where the disease is common. The BCG vaccine was a major weapon in public health efforts to fight tuberculosis—an ongoing battle dramatized by Richmond children in this 1921 play. In this panoramic photograph, a "Modern Health Crusader" brandishes a sword shaped like the double-barred cross that was the emblem of the crusade. The crusader carries a "Modern Health Crusader" shield and fights "Tuberculosis" who is dressed all in black. The Modern Health Crusaders campaign was devised by Charles De Forest of the National Tuberculosis Association.
creator: Cook, Huestis P. (photographer)
source: Cook Collection, The Valentine
date: 1921
contributor: The Valentine
rights: NO COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY This Work has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the Work by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the Item, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the Item available. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Chores of Modern Health Crusaders, Social Welfare History Image Portal The Modern Health Crusade. A National Program of Health Instruction in Schools, Internet Archive Stamping out tuberculosis with Christmas Seals. University of Virginia. Historical Collections at the Claude Moore Health Sciences Library Tuberculosis, Social Welfare History Project

Richmond Male Orphan Society, Richmond, Va.
description: Boys standing outside the Richmond Male Orphan Society at Amelia and Meadow Streets, Richmond, Va. The Richmond Male Orphan Society began in 1846 when the director of the Female Humane Association was approached by a homeless boy begging for coins. Recognizing the city’s need for a boy’s home, concerned residents formed the Richmond Male Orphan Society in Church Hill. It made various moves and is now located in western Henrico County. The organization’s name has evolved over time to the Richmond Home for Boys and then the Virginia Home for Boys. When it began to house girls in 2004, it was renamed the Virginia Home for Boys and Girls. Among its services are foster care, alternative education, independent living services and psychiatric and medical care.
creator: Cook, Huestis P., likely
source: Cook Collection, The Valentine
date: c. 1890
contributor: The Valentine
rights: This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach, The Valentine

Bethany Home for Friendless Children, Chesterfield, VA
description: Lucy and J. R. F. Burroughs founded the Bethany Home for Friendless Children in 1894. The childless couple established the orphanage on their 165-acre farm, located near Bon Air in Chesterfield County. Incorporated in 1898, Bethany Home had no endowment and operated completely through donations. Bethany Home closed in the 1940s.
creator: Cook, Huestis P., photographer
source: Cook Collection, The Valentine
date: 1914 June 10
contributor: The Valentine
rights: Non-commercial use only. This object has been digitized in a public-private partnership. As part of this partnership, the partners have agreed to limit commercial uses of this digital representation of the object by third parties. You can, without permission, copy, modify, distribute, display, or perform the digital object, for non-commercial uses. For any other permissible uses, please review the terms and conditions of the organization that has made the item available. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Richmond Comes Together: Images of Community Outreach, The Valentine

Letter to Kate Waller Barrett from Calvin Coolidge
description: Letter from President Coolidge to Kate Waller Barrett regarding the Florence Crittenton Mission which managed homes for unwed mothers and prostitutes. Transcription: The White House Washington October 23, 1924. My dear Mrs. Barrett: It is not easy to imagine a single reason why the work of the Florence Crittenton Mission should not have the most unqualified endorsement from every good citizen. I can think of a long list of the most persuasive reasons why that endorsement should be given, and for myself I gladly extend it. I wish you the fullest encouragement and cooperation in the splendid work you are carrying on. Very truly yours, Calvin Coolidge
creator: Coolidge, Calivin
source: M 9 Box 111, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1924 October 23
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Kate Waller Barrett, Social Welfare History Project Florence Crittenton Homes: A History, Social Welfare History Project

Neighborhood House Confirmation Program, 1932
description: Confirmation Services program from the Council Religious Schools, Richmond Section Council of Jewish Women; Sir Moses Montefiore Congregation.
creator: Council of Jewish Women, Richmond Section
source: The National Council of Jewish Women, Richmond Section collection, Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives
date: 1932 June 19
contributor: Beth Ahabah Museum & Archives
rights: The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Neighborhood House, Richmond VA

What Have Women Done With the Vote?
description: This article written by George Creel originally appeared in the March 1914 issue of Century Magazine and was reprinted in pamphlet form by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Creel's article provides an analysis of the consequences of women being granted the right to vote, including the social, political, and economic implications. "The opponents of equal suffrage never tire of declaring that woman's place is the home. I agree with them most heartily. It is because of the home that I want women to have the vote... I have always thought, and still think that a government entirely by men is as stupid as a government entirely by women would be. There are as many home features in municipal or state administration as business features...."
creator: Creel, George
source: M 9 Box 48, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: National Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, Inc.
date: 1915 December
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: National Woman Suffrage Association, Social Welfare History Project Women's Suffrage: The Movement, Social Welfare History Project

Wake Up! Richmond, Va. Crusade for Voters [handbill]
description: This handbill was produced during Crusade for Voters campaign in 1976. The Crusade for Voters in Richmond, Virginia was started by John Mitchell Brooks, Dr. William S. Thornton, Dr. William Ferguson Reid, Ethel T. Overby and Lola Hamilton. Excerpts: WAKE UP! Richmond, Va. Voters Needed 50,000 or more Voters Needed to say that I am a citizen on election day Down with apathy Down with unemployment Don't let the newspaper lull you to sleep Be alert! Be a card carrying voter Any U.S. Citizen who will be 18 years or older before November 2, 1976 is eligible to vote IT IS FREE All Applicants MUST have their Social Security Number and know their birthdate. You must apply in person - no one can register for you. IF YOU HAVE BEEN PURGED - PLEASE REGISTER. ... "YOU GOTTA BELIEVE IT" YOUR ONE VOTE DOES COUNT
creator: Crusade for Voters Registration and Education Committee
source: M 296, Box 2, John Mitchell Brooks Collection of NAACP Files 1957-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
date: 1976
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Davis, B.N. (2018). ‘We Decided to Start a Third Party’ Richmond Magazine Nurturing the Roots: 90for90 and Black Political Power. The Progressive, July 15, 2016. Komp, C. (2017, October 26). The Lasting Legacy of the Richmond Crusade for Voters. Community Idea Stations. Matthews, K. A. (2017). The Richmond Crusade for Voters. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing.

Six Reasons Why Farmers' Wives Should Vote [suffrage handbill]
description: Accessible PDF National Woman Suffrage Association handbill, written by Amelia MacDonald Cutler. "Because the votes of the farm women would double the rural vote. Farmers have less political influence than they had before the civil war. Farmers need to get back their political power to protect their interests. Farm interests concern the farmer's wife just as much as the farmer. Farmers and their wives voting together would conserve farm interests. FARMERS, YOUR BEST INTERESTS WOULD BE SERVED BY VOTES FOR YOUR WIVES."
creator: Cutler, Amelia MacDonald
source: M 9 Box 49, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: National Woman Suffrage Publishing Co., Inc.
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: Women's Suffrage: The Movement, Social Welfare History Project Annotate a PDF of this image with hypothes.is

How To Reach The Rural Voter
description: This booklet entitled, "How To Reach The Rural Voter," was written by Amelia MacDonald Cutler as a part of the National Woman Suffrage Association's "Efficiency Book Series." This booklet outlines step-by-step instructions on how to best appeal to rural voters and divides these steps into the following chapters: 1) "Character of district and of suffrage objections," 2) "Answers to the suffrage objections," 3) "Kind of suffrage workers," 4) "Cordial relations between farm and suffrage organizations," 5) "Character of arguments for organization," 6) "Of general appeal," and 7) "No appeal." "The Efficiency Series" is a series "designed to educate suffragists themselves. The pamphlets embody the actual results of practical experience." Other titles in this series include "A Suffrage Training School," "How to work for Suffrage in an Election District or Voting Precinct," "How to Raise Money for Suffrage," "Blue Book Suffrage School," and "Suffrage Argument - Outline for Speech or Debate."
creator: Cutler, Amelia MacDonald
source: M 9 Box 48, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: National Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, Inc.
date: 1918 May
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: This item is in the public domain. Acknowledgement of the Virginia Commonwealth University Libraries as a source is requested.
relation: Learn more: National Woman Suffrage Association, Social Welfare History Project Women's Suffrage: The Movement, Social Welfare History Project

Our Genius for Self-Government [editorial cartoon by Ding Darling]
description: Editorial cartoon by Ding Darling, reprinted from the New York Tribune by the New York League of Women Voters to encourage voter turnout for the 1924 presidential election. Image Description: In the top panel throngs of people line a city street. The caption reads, "The crowd that gathers when some 'human fly' announces that he will climb a skyscraper." Below two caucus leaders address a nearly empty room. The caption reads, "The crowd that gathers at the caucus which is to express the community's wish on the selection of a Presidential candidate."
creator: Darling, Jay Norwood
source: M 9 Box 81, Adèle Goodman Clark papers, 1849-1978, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
publisher: New York League of Women Voters
date: 1924
contributor: Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, VCU Libraries
rights: COPYRIGHT UNDETERMINED The copyright and related rights status of this Item has been reviewed by the organization that has made the Item available, but the organization was unable to make a conclusive determination as to the copyright status of the Item. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/
relation: Learn more: Controlling the Vote -- Rights. Registration. Representation. Discovery Set, Social Welfare History Image Portal